An American text-book of surgery : for practitioners and students / By Phineas S. Conner, M.D., Frederic S. Dennis, M.D., William W. Keen, M.D., Charles B. Nancrede, M.D., Roswell Park, M.D., Lewis S. Pilcher, M.D., Nicholas Senn, M.D., Francis J. Shepherd, M.D., Lewis A. Stimson, M.D., J. Collins Warren, M.D., and J. William White, M.D. Ed. by William W. Keen and J. William White.
- William Williams Keen
- Date:
- 1899
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: An American text-book of surgery : for practitioners and students / By Phineas S. Conner, M.D., Frederic S. Dennis, M.D., William W. Keen, M.D., Charles B. Nancrede, M.D., Roswell Park, M.D., Lewis S. Pilcher, M.D., Nicholas Senn, M.D., Francis J. Shepherd, M.D., Lewis A. Stimson, M.D., J. Collins Warren, M.D., and J. William White, M.D. Ed. by William W. Keen and J. William White. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University Libraries/Information Services, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University.
![Later, the pro^no.sis is more favoralde, tlie treatment the same. Of course moist eruptions shouhl be dusted with some astriii<:eiit or al)Sorbent pow(k'r; mucous patches should be cauterized or stimuhited; and great attention shouhl be paid to avoidance of sources of cutaneous irritation, by frequent ciian<ring of diapers, etc., but the general methods are the same as in the adult. CMI AFTER XIX. TUMORS. A TUMOR is a new growth or neoplasm which produces a localized enlarg(>- ment of a ])art or an organ, has no tendency to spontaneous cure, has no useful function, in most cases tends to grow during the Avhole of the individual's life, its development and growth, except in rare instances, being uninfluenced by drugs or by the greater or less general vigor of the individual. The exceptions to which the above definition does not apply are—first, such new growths as tubercle, lupus, etc.; second, certain epitheliomata and the withering scirrhus of the breast, which do not produce enlargement; and third, cysts not the result of new growth. Lymphadenoma or lympho-sarcoma, a malignant disease of the lymphatic glands, in a few instances temporarily, or more rarely perma- nently, seems to have undergone cure from the use of arsenite of sodium given internally in increasing doses. All tumors originate from the pre-existing tissues (except when of meta- static origin), and are composed of tissue-elements resembling those of these tissues either in their fully-developed or in their embryonic state. When limited to the tissue in which it starts, the tumor merely displaces the tissues, and is, almost Avithout exception, constituted of fully-developed cells similar to the tissue from Avhich it started, as fat, fibrous, or muscular tissue: to this class of tumors, which are generally benign, the term homologous has been applied. When the new-growth no longer remains confined to the tissue in which it starts, but infiltrates the surrounding tissues, its component elements tending to be more embryonic in their type, it is usually malignant; such growths have been termed heterologous. Nearly all secondary tumors—i. e. those forming in parts distant from the primary growth, as in the lymphatics or the viscera—are therefore heterologous. Both innocent and malignant growths may be multiple. Multiple malignant growths are usually the result of lymithatic or vascular embolism, but cases are not uncommon where more than one primary focus has been observed; thus two or three portions of the lip or of the tongue may be simnltanconsly attacked. Tumors Originate from Many Causes.—Some, as njievi, are con genital, or the tendency to their develo])ment in later life is inherited. Of the causes initiating those occurring in later life, the following are regarded as most effective and uncjuestioned. While intlammatory new formations cannot be regarded as tumors, there is little doubt that injury—especially that following a contusion and fractures—stands in fre(juent causative relation to many new growths, notably the sarcomata. Anything which acts chemically or mechan- ically so as to maintain a constant but slight degree of undue vascularity of a part, such as the irritation of soot (scrotal cancer), the hot. rough stem of a clay pipe (labial epithelioma), a jagged tooth (carcinoma linguae), favors the development of a malignant groAvth. Abnormal conditions of parts where the epithelial elements are in excess, as certain benign growths, such as warts (cutaneous papillomata), pigmented moles, and leucoraa of the tongue (a](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21217014_0236.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
