A guide to the dissection of the dog / by O. Charnock Bradley.

  • Orlando Charnock Bradley
Date:
1919
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: A guide to the dissection of the dog / by O. Charnock Bradley. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    89/258 page 77
    / i its medial side, and receives tributaries corresponding to the branches of the artery. It assists the hypogastric vein in the formation of the common iliac vein. A. SAPHENA, V. SAPHENA MAGNA, ET N. SAPHENUS.—About the point at which the borders of the gracilis and sartorius muscles meet, three structures make their appearance. These are the saphenous artery, vein, and nerve ; of which the nerve is most oral and the vein most aboral. Running immediately underneath the fascia, they are continued from the thigh into the leg. A branch from each of the three passes across the medial aspect of the joint between the femur and the tibia to supply the skin in this region. M. gracilis.—The oral part of the gracilis muscle is very thin, but its aboral border is of considerable thickness. The origin of the muscle is mainly from the tendon of the adductor of the thigh and from the gracilis muscle of the opposite side. In addition a part of the muscle arises from the symphysis ischii and the border of the ischium. The insertion is to the anterior tibial crest by means of a broad, thin tendon blended with the tendons of the sartorius and semitendinosus muscles. The main nerve of the gracilis (a branch of the obturator nerve) appears between the pectineus and adductor muscles, crosses the surface of the latter, and then enters the deep face of the gracilis. M. sartorius.—The sartorius muscle lies oral to the gracilis, and is clearly divided into two parts : (1) The oral portion arises from the lateral angle of the ilium, and is inserted into the patella by a flattened tendon partly blended with the common insertion of the muscles of the front of the thigh ; (2) the aboral portion has origin from the ventral border of the ilium. Its tendon partly joins that of the gracilis, but is also partly attached to the medial surface of the tibia. A. femoralis.—The first part of the femoral artery lies in a triangular space, the femoral triangle (trigonum femorale), bounded by the sartorius and pectineus muscles and the inguinal ligament of Poupart. The branches which arise from this part of the artery are: (1) The lateral circumflex artery ; (2) the anterior femoral artery; and (3) small muscular branches. The first and second branches may leave the femoral artery either separately or in common. In any case their origin only can be seen at present. Leaving the femoral artery just as it crosses the border of the ilio-psoas muscle, they immediately disappear under the aboral part of the sartorius muscle. Of the small muscular branches the largest arises close to the apex of the femoral triangle and is mainly concerned in the supply of the gracilis. Dissection.—Reflect the gracilis and sartorius muscles by cutting across them about the middle of their length. In turning upwards the proximal part of the sartorius be careful to preserve the nerve to the muscle (ramus anterior of the femoral nerve) and the lateral circumflex artery.
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