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The gallery of nature and art; or, a tour through creation and science. Comprising new and entertaining descriptions of the most surprising volcanoes, caverns, cataracts, whirlpools, waterfalls, earthquakes, and other wonderful and stupendous phenomena of nature. Forming a rich and comprehensive view of all that is interesting and curious in every part of the habitable world. By the Rev. E. Polehampton, and John M. Good, F.R.S. Illustrated by one hundred engravings / [Edward Thomas William Polehampton].

Polehampton, Edward (Edward Thomas William), 1777?-1830.

Date:: 1821

Credit: The gallery of nature and art; or, a tour through creation and science. Comprising new and entertaining descriptions of the most surprising volcanoes, caverns, cataracts, whirlpools, waterfalls, earthquakes, and other wonderful and stupendous phenomena of nature. Forming a rich and comprehensive view of all that is interesting and curious in every part of the habitable world. By the Rev. E. Polehampton, and John M. Good, F.R.S. Illustrated by one hundred engravings / [Edward Thomas William Polehampton]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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municated to M. Bory, as fluid as water, while the two others seemed to have the consistence of honey. When the lava joined the sea, the scene was tremendous, but there is no hint of any ap- pearance of basaltic columns. The spouts of fire often produce the phenomenon of cords of lava, twisted in different directions. [Phil. Trans. Cook. De Borda. Glas. Bory.] CHAP. XV. AMERICAN VOLCANOES. SECTION Tf. Volcanoes of Mexico. Ws shall now proceed to a brief notice of the chief volcanoes of the American continent, and shall commence with the northern side of the isthmus. The very singular territory of Mexico, or New Spain, contains numerous volcanoes of a powerful and extraordinary character. Not fewer than twenty-one are laid down on the maps, from that of So- conusco in the north, to that of Vara in the south. They are all in the south western coast ; and after a considerable interval, re- emerge towards the eastern coast in the vicinity of the city of Mexico. The principal are those of Orizava, Popacatapec, Iztaccihuatl, Ilas- cala, Tentzon, Toloccam, and above all Jorullo, or Xurullo. The voleano of Orizaba, or as Clavigero writes it, Pojauhtecatl, began to send forth smoke in 1545, and continued its emissions for twenty years, when it ceased, and has not since renewed them. This celebrated mountain lies sixty miles to the south-east of the city of Mexico, not far from the road to Vera Cruz. According to D’Auteroche, it is the loftiest in the Spanish territory ; and according to Gage, as high as the highest of the Alps. Its summit is visible from the capital, and is covered with perpetual snow, yet its sides are adorned with forests of large cedars, pines, and other valuable and picturesque trees. The detached mountains, called by the Mexicans Popacatapec and Iztaccihuatl, but by the Spaniards Sierra Nevada [the Snowy ridge] in the neighbourhood of each other, lie also to the south-east of Mexico, at about thirty miles distant. The crater of the former,

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