A Dictionary of terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences / by Richard D. Hoblyn.
- Richard Hoblyn
- Date:
- 1859
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: A Dictionary of terms used in medicine and the collateral sciences / by Richard D. Hoblyn. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the Woodruff Health Sciences Center Library at Emory University, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Woodruff Health Sciences Center Library, Emory University.
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![ARACHNI'DA [ApdXvvs, a spider). The third class of the Diplo-gangliata, or En- tomoida, comprising articulated animals, generally with four pairs of legs, without wings or metamorphosis. ARACHNOID MEMBRANE (apdXvtjs, a spider; tlSos, likeness). Meninx media. The fine cobweb-like membrane situated between the dura and pia mater. It is the serous membrane of the cerebro-spinal centres. 1. Arachnoiditis, or Arachnitis. Inflam- mation of the arachnoid membrane. 2. Sub-arachnoidian fluid. An abun- dant serous secretion, which fills all the vacuities existing between the arachnoid and pia mater, and distends the arachnoid of the spinal cord so completely, as to en- able it to occupy the whole of the space included in the sheath of the dura mater. ' ARAEOMETER (dpaibs, thin; pirpov, measure). Hydrometer. An instrument for determining the specific gravity of li- quids into which it is plunged, by the depth to which it becomes immersed in them. The art or process of measuring the density or gravity of liquids is termed araeometry. [ARACK. See Arrack.] [ARALIA. A genus of plants of the natural order Araliaceae.] [Aralia hispida. The systematic name of the dwarf elder, a decoction of which is used as a diuretic in dropsy.] [Aralia racemosa. The systematic name of the American spikenard. It is said to possess similar medical properties with the A. nudicaulis.] [Aralia spinosa. The systematic name of the Angelica-tree bark. A decoction of the bark is used as a stimulant diapho- retic. An infusion of the recent bark of the root is said to be emetic and cathartic] Aralia nudicaulis. The naked-stalked Aralia, the roots of which are sometimes mixed with the split sarsaparilla of the shops. [It is used as a diaphoretic and alterative.] ARBOR. A tree. The term is applied to certain a>-6ore8ce)i<forms assumed by metals: 1. Arbor Diana. A term applied to silver, when precipitated from its oxide in the metallic form by mercury. 2. Arbor Saturni. A term applied to lead, when separated from its salts in a metallic state bv zinc. ARBORESCENT (arbor, tree). Having the character of a tree; as distinguished from that of an herb or shrub. ARBOR VIT.E. Literally, tree of life. A term applied to the arborescent appear- ance presented by the cerebellum, when cut into vertically. Arbor vita? uterina. A term applied to an arborescent arrangement of folds on the interior of the cervix uteri. They reseinlile the smallest of the carneae columnar of the heart. ARBUTUS UVA URSI. Trailing Ar- butus, or Red Bear-Berry ; a plant of the order EHcacece, employed in cases of irri- table bladder, of diabetes, <tc. ARCA ARCANORUM. Literally, a chest of secrets. The alchemical name of the philosopher's stone. ARCA'NUM. A secret; a secret re- medy ; a remedy which owes its value to its being kept secret. Thus, sulphate <>f potash was formerly called arcanum dupli- catum; acetate of potash, arcanum tarta- ri ; deutoxide of mercury, arcanum coral- linum, &c. ARCH, FEMORAL. The name of a considerable arch formed over the concave border of the pelvis. It is bounded above by Poupart's ligament, below by the border of the pubes and ilium. [ARCH of the AORTA. The curved portion of the great artery, between the ascending and descending portions.] ARCH^EUS (dpxr), beginning). A hypo- thetical and intelligent agent, adopted by Van Helmont, resembling the anima of Stahl. See Anima. [ARCHETYPE (aPXn, the chief; ™roj, from). The original type on which others are formed.] [ARCHIATER (apx*i, chief; jarpot, a physician). The physician of kings or princes; also, the president of a medical college.] ARCHIL. A violet-red paste, prepared from the Lichen rocellus, or Orseille. and other species of lichen, and used in dyeing. The plant, reduced to a pulp, and treated with impure ammoniacal liquor, yields a rich purple tincture, called litmus or turn- sole, used in chemistry as a test. ARCHOPTO'MA (dpx*<;, anus; ntirru, to fall). Archoptosis. Prolapsus ani. A descent of the rectum. See Anu.K. ARCIFORM FIBRES (arens, a bow; forma, likeness). A term applied by Mr. Solly to a set of fibres which proceed from the corpus pyramidale, and pass outwards beneath the corpus olivare to the cerebel- lum. He distinguishes them into two layers, the superficial cerebellar, and deep cerebellar fibres. ARCTATIO (arcto, to narrow). Con- stipation of the intestines; also preterna- tural straightness of the vagina. [ARCTIUM LAPPA. A plant of the order Composites, the root of which is con- sidered aperient, diaphoretic, depurative, and diuretic. The bruised leaves, or a](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b2103753x_0055.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
