A complete system of farriery, and veterinary medicine : containi[n]g a compendium of the veterinary art, or an accurate description of the diseases of horses, and their mode of treatment; the anatomy and physiology of the foot, and the principles and practice of shoeing. With observations on stable management, feeding, exercise, and condition / by James White ... newly arranged by the publishers, in which are introduced the late and important treatises upon the glanders, farcy, staggers, inflammation of the lungs and bowels, the prevention and treatment of lameness, and precautions to be observed in purchasing horses. By the same author. Illustrated by eighteen elegant plates.

  • White, James, -1825
Date:
1832
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A complete system of farriery, and veterinary medicine : containi[n]g a compendium of the veterinary art, or an accurate description of the diseases of horses, and their mode of treatment; the anatomy and physiology of the foot, and the principles and practice of shoeing. With observations on stable management, feeding, exercise, and condition / by James White ... newly arranged by the publishers, in which are introduced the late and important treatises upon the glanders, farcy, staggers, inflammation of the lungs and bowels, the prevention and treatment of lameness, and precautions to be observed in purchasing horses. By the same author. Illustrated by eighteen elegant plates. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    [14] the lungs, and impede his velocity. It must he confessed, however that this does sometimes happen; not from the natur- al inclination of the animal, hut from the folly, negligence, or cruelty, of his keeper. I have been the more particular in de- scribing the stomach, as the subject is connected with, and will tend to elucidate, some important diseases. The bile is formed by the liver, a large glandular body, divi- ded into several lobes, and situate immediately behind the dia- phragm, to which it is firmly attached. The form of the liver is too well known to require a particular description; we have only to observe, therefore, that the bile, which it secretes, is con- veyed by the hepatic duct into the duodenum, within three or four inches of its origin. In man, and the greater part of quad- ■upeds, all the bile does not flow immediately into the intes- ine, there being a small vessel connected with the hepatic duct, which conveys a certain portion into a sac that is attached to he liver, and called the gall-bladder, whence it is occasional- ly expelled: but this does not exist in the horse. From what we have just said of the peculiarity in the diges- tive organs of the horse, the reason of his having no gall-blad- der will readily appear- In man, and many animals, the food is retained a considerable time in the stomach; during which the billions fluid, or gall is not wanted; therefore nature has provided a reservoir, fthe gall-bladder; for as the bile is con- stantly forming by the liver, so would it be as constantly (lowing into the first intestine, were it not for the gall-blad ler, which would, have occasioned a great waste of this use- ul fluid. During the time of digestion, the food is shut up in he stomach, the. ■pylorus being closed, and the first intestine :mpty. The orifice of the duct which conveys the bile into .his intestine being without its usual stimulus, the digested food becomes torpid; and as the action of the whole duct depends upon its orifice being stimulated, the bile, instead of passing through it, flows into the gall-bladder, where it remains until the digestive process is so far completed, that the flood begins *o flow from the stomach into the intestine. The biliary duct is then stimulated to action; the gall bladder partakes of the irri- tation; and then assisted by the pressure of the distended intes- tine, contracts upon its contents, and forces the bile through the duct, into the intestine, where it mingles with the digested food, and causes a separation of the chyle, or nutritious parts. It must be obvious, that, as the horse is almost constantly feeding, and as digestion is continually going on in his stomach and intestines, that a constant flow of bile is necessary, and therefore that a gall-bladder would be useless, perhaps injurious. The pancreas is also a glandular body, and secretes a fluid