Chemical encyclopaedia : a digest of chemistry and its industrial applications / by C.T. Kingzett.

  • Kingzett, Charles Thomas, 1852-1935.
Date:
1932
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Chemical encyclopaedia : a digest of chemistry and its industrial applications / by C.T. Kingzett. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    IO ACONITINE—ACYCLIC ACONITINE (Continued)— from o-i to i per cent, of the alkaloid (associated with several others, including neopelline [C28H33Os[OMe]3: NMe,3H20]), which is used medicinally in admixture with chloroform in the form of a liniment, to relieve neuralgia, etc. Some Indian aconites contain an alkaloid named pseudaconitine (C34H47 NO10), m.p. 1320 to 1350 C. (See T. M. Sharp, J.C.S., 1928, p. 3094.) ACRIDINE (C13H;)N)—A basic constituent of the heavy tar oils as pro- duced in high-temperature carbonization of coal. It is a colourless crystalline body of intensely irritating character, and is chemically related to anthracene. The acridine dyestuffs have the chromogene acridine ring. (See Tar.) ACRIFLAVIN—A dye used as an antiseptic and curative agent in cases of sleepy sickness. ACROLEIN (C3H,0 or CH2: CH.CHO)—A substance of aldehydic char- acter produced by the oxidation of allyl alcohol (C3HnO), and by the destructive decomposition of fats by heat. It is a colourless, inflam- mable, and poisonous liquid of extremely pungent odour, having a violent action on the eyes. Sp. gr. 0-84; b.p. 520 C.; soluble in water, alcohol and ether. It yields acrylic acid (C3H402) by oxidation, and this, upon fusion with alkali, breaks up into acetic and formic acids. (See Zappi and Labriola, Analyst, 1932, 57, 59.) “ ACROLITE n—A synthetic resin made by condensation from glycerol and phenol. (See Ind. Chem., 1927, iii., 80.) ACRYLIC ACID—See Acrolein. “ACTICARBONE”—See Carbon. ACTINISM—The chemical effects of light, chiefly exercised by the violet rays. ( See Photo-catalysis, Photo-chemistry, and Radio-activity.) ACTINIUM (Ac) —Name of a radio-active substance now described as an element having the atomic number 89, resembling and being probably a product of the disintegration of uranium; said to be the shortest- lived substance, having a life-period of one five-hundredth part of a second. It is obtained from uranium minerals (pitch-blende), and has been described as a degenerated product of proto-actinium (with a probable atomic weight of 231). ACTINOMETERS—Instruments for measuring photo-chemical intensity of light, as exhibited by exposure of chemical substances thereto. “ACTOL”—Silver lactate, said to have considerable disinfectant pro- perties. “ACULMITE”—An American non-ferrous alloy for chemical plant, stated to be very resistant to acids, fruit juices, etc. ACYCLIC—A term descriptive of open-chain carbon compounds like the olefines and paraffins. (See Cylic.)