Onchocerca gibsoni : the cause of worm nodules in Australian cattle / by J.A. Gilruth and Georgina Sweet ; with notes on worm nests in Australian cattle and in camels (extracts from Report of Government Bureau of Microbiology of New South Wales for 1909) / by J. Burton Cleleand and T. Harvey Johnston.

Gilruth, J. A.

Date:: 1911

Credit: Onchocerca gibsoni : the cause of worm nodules in Australian cattle / by J.A. Gilruth and Georgina Sweet ; with notes on worm nests in Australian cattle and in camels (extracts from Report of Government Bureau of Microbiology of New South Wales for 1909) / by J. Burton Cleleand and T. Harvey Johnston. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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$extremely difficult to decipher, more especially as will he seen in connection with the nervous and excretory systems, which show an asymmetry and irregularity which 1S ^ite evidently a characteristic of the worm, independent ol methods of fixation, preparation, &c. Digestive System— In the male the oesophagus is straight, and is 0-65 to 072 mm. long and 0-0155 mm. wide, that is somewhat narrower than the female. Sometimes shg swellings are present on the oesophagus, just before it enteis the intestine, but no definite “ cardia,” like that of the female could be found in any instance. The long, stiaight intestine nasses back to the cloacal opening, and, though much 1 educed, is similar to that of the female. The spicules will be described in connection with the reproductive system. In the female the long narrow oesophagus, sometimes straight sometimes twlteT(figs. 5, 6, and 7, and 35), varies m length and is 0-02 mm. m diametei. Just before it enteis the intestine the globulaj “cardia,” already described b\ Cleland and Johnston, is always found, though not always clearly distinguishable. The position of this cardia, measure from the anterior tip of the head, is seen to be at o y7 0 o-86 mm and has no invariable relationship to the position of the vulva, as affirmed by Cleland and Johnston. The extreme length and diameter of this cardia is usuallyo-031 mm., though in specimen B, in which it was distended by a number of refractive granules, it was 0-069 mm. long by 0-04 mm. wide The apparent condition of the junction of oesophagus Tnd intestine varies naturally with the more or less sinuous condition of the oesophagus at the time of fixing; sometimes as seen in fig. 5, the oesophagus is practically straight till it reaches the cardia at 0-41 mm. from the anterior tip, n the specimen in which the extreme position of o b6 mm. from the anterior end was reached, the oesophagus is much more sinuous Though sometimes situated at the termination of the Ssophagus, the§ cardia is at other times slightly m front of the entrance of the intestine. As a rule it is easy, unless hidden by the vagina, to detect the exact junction because of the muscular walls, the cuticular the exact ] uncu , marked lumen of the oesophagus lining an 7- f-^wider non.muscular intestine and cau. _ , irregular indefinite lumen (figs. 5, 6, 7, 8’,32iwills The walls of the cardia are more'^Tisch'aAhan those of the remainder of the oesophagus, and the lumen not much greater.$

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