Hog cholera : its history, nature and treatment, as determined by the inquiries and investigations of the Bureau of animal industry.

  • Bureau of Animal Industry
Date:
1889
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Hog cholera : its history, nature and treatment, as determined by the inquiries and investigations of the Bureau of animal industry. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    contact with water near the boiling point the disinfection was certainly all that conld be desired. TUis method was regarded as less open to criticism than the insertion of bits of tissue under the skin. We still stand in need of a syringe svhich can be disinfected without much trouble, as the above method is extremely tedious. The syringes devised by Koch are both unsatisfactory. The joints formed by the glass barrel and the metal cap in the syringe in which the propelling force is air were found to leak in five out of six samples. From the fluid injected into rabbits either plate or roll cultures were made in order to get an idea of the approximate number and the kind of organisms present. In every case the i)ortion of lung tissue from which the inoculations were made was transferred to sterilized bottles and protected from ac- cidental contamination as carefully as possible. Unless otherwise indi- cated, the methods just given were employed throughout the investiga- tion. Isoveml)er IG.—Pig No. 1, just died and brought to experimental sta- tion. No skin lesions; heart and lungs normal with exception of a few collapsed lobules in principal lobe of one lung.* In abdomen omentum injected so as to appear bright red. Spleen enlarged, soft, dark. Some lymphatics have the cortex hemorrhagic. Stomach and small intes- tines normal. In caecum near valve several large superficial yellowish ulcers and a number of smaller ones, an eighth of an inch in diameter. Two bits of spleen were cut out and dropped into a tube of gelatine, and one of beef infusion. The gelatine culture remains sterile. The liquid culture contains the motile hog cholera bacteria and a large bu- tyric bacillus growing only in the bottom of the liquid. No. 2 died last night. Buzzards have eaten into the thorax and penetrated the coats of the stomach. Oidy the small ventral lobe of right lung diseased. Bright red, mottled with t)ale yellow dots. (See Plate IX., tig. 2.) The smallest bronchi occluded by cylindrical plugs. Alveoli likewise occluded. The plugs consist chiefly of cells and are so dry and firm that they may be removed as small ramifications or branchings when the lung tissue is torn away. Bronchial glands enlarged, hemorrhagic. Spleen enormously enlarged, liv^er in advanced stage of cirrhosis. Glands at portal fissure chronically enlarged. In cmcum four superficial ulcers one-half inch across, slough stained yel- low. In upper colon four similar to these and a large number of small ones about one-eighth inch across with yellowish slough. A moderate number of bacteria found in cover-glass preparations of spleen. A gelatine tube culture contained, after three days about, sev- enty-tive to one hundred colonies of the motile hog cholera bacteria in * la order to iiuderstand the description of the lung lesions, the following brief outline of the anatomy of the lung and of the terms used may be of service: The right lung is made up of four lobes ; the left has only three. (In text-books OD anatomy the left lung is considered as being made up of only two.) In both there is a large principal lobe resting upon the diaphragm and against the adjacent thoracic wall. This lobe forms the major part of each lung. The remainder, occupying the anterior (or cephalic) portion of the cavity, is made up of two small lobes, one extending ventrally (or down ward in the standing position of the animal) and in the expanded state covering tiie heart laterally, the other extending towards the head and overlapping the base of the heart. These small lobes may be denomi- nated the ventral and ce))halic lobes, rc'spcclively. The right cephalic lobe is longer and more distinct from the ventral lobe than the corresiM)nding left cephalic. Wedged in between the two principal lobes and resting on the diaphragm is a small loTje, pyramidal, belonging to the right lung (azygos lobe). This lobe rests on the left against the mediastinal membrane, and on the right it is se.i)arated from the right princii)al lobe by a fold of the pleura ]>assing from the ventral abdominal wall to in- close the inferior vena cava. This small lobe is almost completely shut olf, therefore, from the other lobes by folds of the pleura.
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