Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists; together with his own ... In four books and four manuals ... Also two epistles of the circulation of the [chyle and] blood / [by J. Walaeus] Being part of the first volumn of the Physitians Library, published by Nich. Culpeper Gent. and Abdiah Cole.
- Thomas Bartholin
- Date:
- 1662
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists; together with his own ... In four books and four manuals ... Also two epistles of the circulation of the [chyle and] blood / [by J. Walaeus] Being part of the first volumn of the Physitians Library, published by Nich. Culpeper Gent. and Abdiah Cole. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![CHAP. V. Of the Mufcles in ^eneraL IflSh. Somtimes the tendinous part appears^ united in the end, and fevered in the beginning, as in the muf- cle Deltoides; fomtimes it is tendinous in the middle. Wljat a 'Muf- cle it ? AMulcleis termed in Greek Mus aMoufejbecaufe it reiembles a flaid Mouic; and the Latins cal it Lrtwwj a Lizard, from its fimilitude with thatGrear ture: Howbeit we cannot allot one certain figure to the Mufcles, by reafon of their variety. A Mufcle is an Organical Part, the Inftrument of voluntary motion. For only this part can receive the lufiux of the motive faculty. Belmont aWov/es the mufcles a life peculiar to themfelves, which conti¬ nues for a while, even after death, as the convulfive motion in the Falling-ficknefs which continues invo¬ luntarily. Which nevcrthelefs does more truly arile, from the retradlion and drinefs of the Nerves, and de¬ feat of Spirits. Alfo the fame man is in an error in Conceiving that new fibres do arife in the mufcles, and caufe the Palfie. No man ever faw thein, nor can they be bred anew, becaufe they are Spermatick parts. The Palfie ought rather to be referred to a defeat of feme fi- bres. A mufcle is an Organical part, be caule it confifts i. Offlefh. 2. Of a tendinous part ( and thefe aretfif two parts of a mufcle, which perfori^ theA<5tion) 3. Of Veins to carry b ack the Nutri¬ ment. 4. Of Arteries, preferving the inbred Heat, and bringing theNourilhment to the part. y. Of Nerves, which contribute fenfe and elpecially motion. Por the Brain fends the motive faculty through the Nerv.es into the Mufcles. 6. Of Membranes which encompaft and keep the mufcles together. 7. Of Fat ■jivhich moiftens them, and hinders them from being ^ied by over much motion. A Mufcle is an Or^nical fan. Tb& Connexion of the Mufcles of the whole Bo dj. I The Mufcles of the whole Body are n:)oft ftraitly conjoyned one with another: Yet fometimes they gape, and are at fome diftance, whenWind, wheyilh Humor, or fome otlicr mat¬ ter gets between themi as in the ba- ftard Plcurifie, and concerning a Soldier whipt by the Turks. Vejlingus io\di me that his mufcles were fo wi dened and feparated, that if he bent his body but a lit- tle,every mufcle would bear it felt out from itsNatural lituation, bunching out as it were, and fwelling. IWe divide the Mufcles into x^xo farts, afleiby part, and a tendinous farx.. Again, we make the tendinous part two. I to be either united, or dijgregated, and The tendinous I fevered. Part how ma~ | \Jnite4> where the whole tendinous nyfold. I part appears, white and hard, either in I the beginning, end, or middle 5 or in all thefe parts. . Gbntraiiwile it is dijgregated ox fevered, where it is divided into many fmall fibres, Icarce difcernable to the fight,being compaffed about with flelh i which ten¬ dinous fibers may notwithftanding be dilcerned a- mong the fleftiy ones, in boyled Hogs-fle{h,and in the flelh of a Turkey-cock, &c. So in fome Mufcles, ef* peciallythofe ofthe Thighs of a Turkey-cock,the ten¬ dinous parts appear whole and united from the begin¬ ning to the end. So in a man, fomtimes the Tendon ijefccn48 prefently after its Original, mixed with What the Tendon of a Mufcle is ? Its Begimir^. and fomtimes not at all.. With Arjuafendent we define a Tendon to be a Body continued from the beginning to.the end of a Mufcle, and that it is a body of a peculiar Natiire,cold and dry,made ofSeed, as the principle of its Ge¬ neration : But the beginning of its difpenfatiem is a bone,Tor it fpfings from a bone, and is inferred or im¬ planted into a bone. Yet fome Mufcles arile from Griftles,andfome from Tendons, I and are implanted into them.And I Why caJledTendo ? it is rightly teiThied Tendo, from I ' ftretching,becaufe it is bent and ftretched like the firing ofabow, ■ u . . A Muffle is otherwife divided into the Beady middle, and End. Tht Beginning and Head of rtMuJcle, ] The Beginning when it is tendinous, is by Galen and I and B^d of a other Anatomifts, caWed Ligament urn, Mufcle. which they fay is void of Senfe, and . that it is lefs then a Tendon, or the end of a Mufcle, Now the beginning in a great part of Mufcles, is tendinous, lel- dom fiefiiy. And to fpeak the ve¬ ry. truth, the beginning may as well be termed a Tendon, as the end ; feeing for the moft part, fuch as is the Beginning, fuch is the End, in Subftance^ in Thinnefs, Lightfomnefs, Whitenels, ,&c. Now every Mufcle is laid to move tow'ards its beginning, and every Mufcle hath a.Nerve, which is inferred either into the Head, or about the middlefand in fome through the Surface of the mufcle. Both the heg^nmg mfpid of a Mujcle may he called a Ten^ don. Two things ohjervahlt touching the beginning of a Mufek. in others Galens Buie. Di/ltkedhyWa^ Ijeus and why i through the Subftance ; fo that where the Nerve is im.-* planted, there is the Head of the ' Mufcle : Which Galen laies down as a lure Rule, and faith ; that if the Nerve be implanted into the Tayl, there is the Head of the mufcle. But Johannes Walaus an excellent learn¬ ed Phyfitian, likes not this Rule,and conceives that it is all one, whether the Nerve be in^ ferted into the beginning,, the middle, or the end. i. Becaufe that Rule renders the motions of manymut* cles obfeure. 2. Becaufe it holds not true inthe Pe- (fioral mufcle, nor fomtimes in other mufcles of the Gheft and Belly, 3. Becaufe that Rule is not found¬ ed upon any reafon, for whether the Nerve be inferted into the beginning of the mufcle, or into any other part thereof the Spirits flowing in by the Nerve, may equally move the mufcle : As wc fee in Wind-lnftrur* ments, the Air is let in fomtimes above, fomtimes be¬ neath, one way as conveniently as another. 4. And \v4iereas that Rule is oftentimes found true, it happens by accident,l5ecauf€ moftmufcles are moved upward,8c becaufe the Nerves defeend from above, and thei fore could not be more fafely implanted any where, then ia the upper part of the mufcles. And that which Bjolanus objerfts againft Walaus, touching the Gontorfion or The Qhjehlion of Riolanus Wreathing of the recurrent-Nerve,is j fwered. nothing. For the Nerves run back, I to avoid confufion, otherwife, if Nature chiefly inten¬ ded the Inferrion into the Hea.ds of Mufcles, fhe rnight have](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b30333696_0030.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
