The sources and modes of infection / by Charles V. Chapin.

  • Charles V. Chapin
Date:
1912
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Licence: In copyright

Credit: The sources and modes of infection / by Charles V. Chapin. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

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    G. Mayer 1 reports 3 cases. One of these was a boy whose stools contained the bacilli 8 days before the symptoms arose. According to Ledingham, Klinger concluded that of 812 cases of contact infection studied by him, 33 acquired the disease from a case in the first week of incubation and 150 during the second week. He assumes two weeks as the average period of incubation, though he found it in 60 cases, in which its duration was pretty well determined, to vary from 5 to 45 days, the average being 16 days. During the Spanish war many cases of typhoid fever were attrib- uted to exposure to cases in the incubation stage.2 Convalescent Carriers. — Drigalski3 was the first to study the persistence of typhoid bacilli in the feces of con- valescents. Of 64 patients, he found that 7, or 11 per cent, continued to excrete them from 8 to 10 weeks, and 3 for over 3 months. One of these was later, at 9 months, found to be still a carrier. Klinger 4 at Strassburg examined 482 cases of typhoid fever during convalescence and 63, or 13.1 per cent, were carriers, of whom 8, or 1.7 per cent, con- tinued so for a period of over 6 weeks. Later 5 he reported that of 604 convalescents, 80, or 13.2 per cent were tempo- rary carriers, 70 intestinal and 10 urinary. G. Mayer6 found that 232, or 24.9 per cent, of 930 typhoid fever cases became carriers during convalescence. Graham, Over- lander and Dailey7 found the bacilli in the feces of 11, or 16.9 per cent, of 65 patients after defervescence and pre- vious to their discharge from the hospital. Including the 1 Mayer, Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. [etc.], Jena, I Orig., 1910, LIII, 234. 3 Abst. of Rep. on Origin and Spread of Typhoid Fever in U. S. Military Camps during Spanish War of 1898, Wash., 1900, 178. » Drigalski, Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. [etc.], I Abt., Jena, 1904, XXXV, 776. « Klinger, Arb. a. d. k. Gesundhtsamte., Berl., 1906, XXIV, 91. e Klinger,' Arb. a. d. k. Gesundhtsamte., Berl., 1907, XXV, 214. • Mayer, Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. [etc.], Jena, I Abt. Orig., 1910, LI' Graham, Overlander and Dailey, Bost. M. & S. J., 1909, CLX, 38.