Volume 2

On the varieties in the muscular system of the human body / [Andrew Melville McWhinnie].

  • McWhinnie, Andrew Melville, 1807 or 1808-1866.
Date:
[1846]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the varieties in the muscular system of the human body / [Andrew Melville McWhinnie]. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    clavicular attachment wanting, as in those animals where the clavicle is absent. Interval between the upper and lower portions from the absence of some of its middle fibres—(Soem¬ mering). Tiedemann found it partially doubled by a substratum of fibres. Trapezius on each side attached to the two outer thirds of the clavicle, and meeting the clavicular portion of the sterno-cleido-mastoideus. A slip from the anterior part of the muscle in the neck crossing the sub¬ clavian vessels, and attached to the inner third of the clavicle behind the sterno-cleido mastoideus — (R. Quain, plate 25). Latissimus dorsi,—Varies in respect to the number of spinous processes of the dorsal vertebrae to which it may be attached; from four to eight. Its origin from the ribs too is constantly varying, as also its connexion with the inferior angle of the scapula. A muscular portion continuous with that of the pectoralis major al¬ ready noticed ; extending across the axiha and sometimes lost in the fascia. Tyson represents the tendi¬ nous elongation of this muscle in the orang-outang, attached to the inter¬ nal protuberance of the os humeri. In the dog the tendon is fixed to the olecranon after having received the attachment of the panniculus carnosus—(Douglas.) Soemmering describes a thin fasci¬ culus of muscular fibres ending in a tendon to be connected with the short head of the biceps and cora¬ coid process. With the coraco-bra- chialis—(Rosenmiill er.) Levator scapula. — The several por¬ tions from the transverse processes remaining separate to their inser¬ tion. The first portion from the atlas attached below to the clavicle, with the anterior border of the tra¬ pezius ; resembling that of the mon¬ key. A very considerable portion of muscle arising with it from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebra, and passing downwards to be inserted into the middle of the clavicle close to the outer side of the sterno-cleido-mastoideus. These two instances bear a resem¬ blance to the levator clavicuhe of the orang-outang, and some other animals. Arising from two of the upper transverse processes only, or there may be an additional origin — (Theile). A slip extending to it from the mastoid process—(Meckel). Also from the second rib. A portion inserted into the spine of the scapula, as in the monkey. Serratus posticus superior.—A portion extending from the upper part of this muscle by the side of the leva¬ tor scapulae to the transverse process of the first cervical vertebra — (Rosenmiiller.) Lower extremity. Sartoy'ius.—Has been found wanting —(Theile). Gantzer alludes to in¬ stances where it was double. An accessory smaller one—(Rosenmiil- ler). Intersected towards the mid¬ dle by a tendon—(Kelch). Subcrureus.—Generally exists, though formerly regarded as rare; it varies, however, as to the degree of its de¬ velopment and connexion with the Crureus. —- (Albinus, Gantzer). It may consist of a double stratum. Pectineus.—Inseparably connected with the. origin of the adductor longus. United inferiorly with the adductor longus; the profunda artery passing beneath both. In some animals the pectineus descends very low—(Meckel). In the dog it reaches the inner condyle of the femur—(Douglas). An ac¬ cessory muscle arising from the in¬ ner and upper part of the obturator foramen, and joining the tendon of the muscle—(Winslow); Adductor longus. — Sometimes divides into two separate muscles. Descend¬ ing lower than usual, and terminat¬ ing in a thin tendon connected with the adductor magnus—(Meckel). Adductor brevis.—Also divided longi¬ tudinally, either wholly or in part, as in the monkey—(Meckel). Adductor magnus.—Consisting of two distinct portions, separated longitu¬ dinally, as in the monkey—(Meckel). Glutei. — A substratum of muscular fibres added to the gluteus maximus, varying in bulk; separated by fascia from the proper muscle, which thus appeared double—(Tiedemann). Pyriformis.—Frequently consisting of two portions, which may be sepa-
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