Specification of John Hawkins and Charles Hawkins : furnaces, &c.

  • Hawkins, John
Date:
1860
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Specification of John Hawkins and Charles Hawkins : furnaces, &c. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    J. <Sf C. Hawkins Improvements in the Construction of Furnaces, Qc. dition of which ignites the smoke or gas on its passing over the bridge. And the manner we purpose elevating and depressing the bridge is by means of the rack and pinion working on the axes e, which may be carried through the side brickwork and back bridge, to be actuated by any suitable contrivance or 5 handle for raising, lowering, or retaining the bridge in the position desired. And in connection with this Figure we have represented the applicability of our improved arrangements to the consuming and thereby utilising the gas or smoke generated in the making of coke, a process extensively carried on in some districts, which, from the quantity of gaseous smoke and sulphur pro- 10 duced and thrown off (in the process), renders the air in the immediate neighbourhood pernicious, even to the extent that vegetation is destroyed by it, and the atmosphere rendered murky and unhealthy. And we effect this as exhibited at Fig. 7. D1, D1, represents in section part of a heap of coal, which is piled up in the common or ordinary way around a short stack of 15 open brickwork, marked E1, and covered over on the outside with a crust or covering of small waste or fine particles of coal, which always accumulates at collieries or places where large quantities of coal are got or used. The heap of coal when put together is lit at the top close to the stack, and requires according to the bulk three or four days, more or less, to burn 20 through, and when fire is seen around the outer lower edge, it indicates that the whole batch or heap has been converted, during the progress of which gaseous and sulphurous smoke is continually vomiting out of the centre of the stack. In some instances to get rid of this nuisance, the workman in attend¬ ance will apply a light to the smoke and burn it, but in a general way it is 25 allowed to escape and mingle with the atmosphere as long as the coke heaps are on fire, and which coke heaps are generally made and burnt in close proximity to each other. And the application of our improvements to these description of close fires consist in fitting a cover to the top of the stack marked F1, and applying a large tube concentrically at the bottom of the 30 stack as at G1, and such like tubes we purpose connecting or applying to (say) four stacks, and concentrating them to a main tube as at H, from which the tube I1, I1, is connected; and J1 is a mouth-piece of the same area as I1, but of the sectional form, axhibited at Fig. 6 ; nevertheless, it is not essential that it should be of this shape, but we prefer it for the purpose of building up in 35 the brickwork, and that the broad way of its mouth should cross the furnace, as shown by the dotted lines at g, g, Figure Four. K1, Kl, is a steam way or pipe under the regulation of the stop cock L1, which pipe passes underneath the coal heap to delivery pipes as at M1, preferring to have four such pipes for each heap of coal, or more or less as may be desired, distributed or placed at
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