Worm parasites of domesticated animals : parasites of swine / Maurice C. Hall.

  • Maurice Crowther Hall
Date:
[1924]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Worm parasites of domesticated animals : parasites of swine / Maurice C. Hall. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    of this species, one fluke lodging as a parasite and remaining a year, when it was expelled by beta-naphthol. Barlow finds certain differ¬ ences in the developmental stages of Fasciolopsis of man from those described for the pig form and thinks they may be different. He says human infestation takes place from eating water chestnut or water redling on which cercariae encyst. No cases in pigs have been found in the areas of greatest human infestation around Shaohsing, China. Distribution.— India, Siam, China, Formosa, Assam and Sumatra. This fluke is common in swine in Hong Kong, and occurs in 6 per cent of the swine at Hanoi according to Stephens. Pathology.—According to Odhner, this parasite in man occasions bloody stools and a high fever with a condition of apathy. The flukes are blood suckers and give rise to lesions of the mucosa. Barlow notes that the worms evidently give rise to a high grade toxic condition, some¬ times characterized by profound emaciation and sometimes by edema and ascites. Anemia and chronic diarrhea are reported as symptoms, edema being prominent in the late stages. Patients often complain that they can feel the movements of the worms in them. In severe cases, of which there are many in China, worms may be present by thousands. The disease frequently terminates fatally and sometimes wipes out entire families. While the condition in swine has received little close study, ap¬ parently, it is nevertheless probable from the condition produced in man that this parasite is a serious one in any animal and that condi¬ tions somewhat similar to those in man may be present in swine. It has been reported that as a rule only 3 to 12 of these flukes are found in a pig under natural conditions. Treatment.—Beta naphthol has been largely used in China for the removal of these worms, and is undoubtedly rather effective in remov¬ ing them, as the results obtained by Barlow show. Barlow recom¬ mends that it be used in repeated small doses. Sweet gives 3 doses of 10 to 15 grains each at half-hour intervals, followed by Epsom salts in 2 hours. It would seem probable that both male fern and kamala would also be effective in removing this worm. The dose of oleoresin of male fern for swine is 1 to 2 drams; the dose of kamala would probably be about 1 to 4 drams. The single dose of beta naphthol for swine would be about 20 to 30 grains for animals of average size. Prophylaxis.—The measures recommended for the control of Fasciola hepatica (See page 9) would be of value in the case of this fluke.
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