Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays.

  • Albert Bernays
Date:
1878
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    acid CoHjOHCCOOH)^. Di-bromsuccinic acid C^H^Br^CCOOH), in prisms. By jHOAg into inactive tartaric acid CjH^COH), (COOI-I).,. [SrcciNYi. CHLORIDE (CjHJ(COCl)j. Oily liquid, produced'by action of PCI5 upon succinic acid.] [Belonging to the same group, as r. oxalic acid (CoOJ'XOH),, p. 9a; 2. Ma- LONic acid (CH2)(C00H)„, p. 99 ; 3- Succinic acid (C„H,) (COOH).,, p. 99; we have to mention: 4. pyro.tartaric acid (C3H5) (COOH,). 5. Adipic acid (CJl8)(C00H),. 6. Pimelic acid (C,H,„)''(COOH).,. 7. Suberic acid (C„H,,)(COOH)„ white crvstalline powder. 8. Anchoic acid (C;H„)(COOH)„. 9. Se- basic acid (C8H,„)(C00H).,. In pearly scales; mails at 127° C. 10. BrassyUcacid(Cs,Hi8)(C00H)„. 11. Koccellicacid (CuHso) (COOH),.] III. Tricarbon C3 or Propane group C^B.^. All compounds which contain three carbon atoms linked together are derived from the parafiBn propane CjHg = CH3- CH„-CH3. Propane C3Ha= CHj-CHj-CHa, is a gas, liquefying at - 20'= C. Methyl-ethyl. By action of zinc and 2CIH on (2) propyl iodide C3H-I. Also contained in petroleum. Exposed to Chlorine in sunlight, partly into propyl chloride C3H;CL Colorless liquid. Boils at 47° C. Also from normal propyl alcohol by CIH. Pseudopropyl chloride CH3-CHCI-CH3, boils at 37^ C. Propyl iodide CHj-CH^-CHJ or C3HJ, boils at 102° C. Pseudopropyl iodide CH3-CHI-CH3, an oily liquid of sp. gr. 1.7. Bromine expels iodine. Best prepared by action of hydrogen iodide IH upon glycerin ; C3H5(OH)3 + 5IH = 2I, + 3OH2 + C3HJ. By nascent H,, = IH + C.-R^ or normal propane; C3H8 by CL into normal propyl chloride CjHjCl or CH3-CI-I2-CH2CI, and this, heated with potassium acetate, yields nornial propyl acetate. Now normal propyl acetate, heattd in sealed tubes with HOK, gives potassium acetate and normal propyl alcohol CHj-CHo-CH.OH. A generic method of obtaining the normal from the abnormal. Primary propyl alcohol CjH^OH = CHj-CH.-CH.OH. In this, as in other primary alcohols, hydioxyl is attached to a carbon-atom at the end of the chain. Also : Ethyl-carbinol. Boils at 96° C. Freely soluble in water. In the residues of certain Fi-euch brandies. From propionic aldehyde CH3- CH„-COH by nascent H„ = CH3-CHo-CH„0H. Also from ETHYL cyanide CH3-CH0.CN bv 2H„ iulo PROPYLAmNE CH3- CH,-CH.,H„N ; this by 2N0(6H) into 20H„ + N„ + propyl nitrite. Then : NOCOCjH;) + HOK = NO(OK) + C3H-OH.— Propylic aldehyde CH3-CHJ-COH or CjH.O, of sp. gr. 0.804. Boils at 49 C. Resembles acetic aldoliyde. Obtained by oxy- dizing the normal alcohol, or by distUliug a mixture of calcium