Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays.

  • Albert Bernays
Date:
1878
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    tincture of iodine. Stains the skin yellow. An energetic medi- cine. Cl^ sets I„ free from its soluble salts, and L imp.irts a rich amethyst color to CSj: a test. Free iodine forms blue compound with starch : also a test. Iodides. Potassium iodide KI, much used in medicine. 2KI + 4N0.,0H = 2N0,0K + 2N0„ + 20H.,+I„. Prej}. from sodicm iodide Nal, in kelp, by SO J-Jo and MnO„, as in the making of Cl„. Tlius: 2NaI + MnO, + 3S6„(OH)„= 2[S0„(0H)(0Na)] +,[S0,(0,Mn)] + 20H„+Io. Compounds. H with 1. [Hydrogen iodide IH = 128. Colorless gas, fuming, in air, of sp. gr. 4.44. Very acid and ii'ritating. Compressible to a liquid, and even solid at — 5i°C. Very soluble in water: Jnjdriodic acid. 2lH,TiOH2 is the hydrate. Browns rapidly owing to oxydation of H^. Decomposed by CI„Br„,N020H. Dissolves Zn and Fe, evolving Hj. Prep, a. By heating Ij in Hj. h. By passing SHj into H^O, admixed with I.,. Thus : 2SH„ + 2I, = S., + 4IH. c. By phosphorous iodide and H„0. Pr;+ 3H:0 =PH0(0H)2 + 3HI. d. 8KI + P, + lol, + if'OH, = 4[P0(0HX0K)„] + 28HI.] I ^^-ith 0. [Two anhydrides and two acids. I^Og and 1„0.: with OH, IO„fiB. and IO3OH. a. Iodic acid IO„OH. Colorless, 6-sided tables, very soluble in water. Decomposed by morphia, iodine set free: a test for morphia. Heated to 107° C. into 0H„, and anhydride I2O5. 2IO3H = OH2 + I2O5. lodates : by heat into iodides and osyt'en. Pre}}, of IO,OH. a. By excess of OL upon I difiused through water ; I^ + 5CI2 + 60H, = loClH + 2IO2OH. h. sIClj -f SODIUM OAEBONATE 9[C0(0Na)o] = isNaCl + 9CO2 -1- I, -h jlOjNa. A mixture of hydriodic and iodic acids instantly de- compo.-eone anoti'er: 5IH + I0.,0H = 30H„-t-3L. h. Per-iodic acid IO4H or IO3OH. In deliquescent oblique prisms containing 0H„. Melts at 130°, then into OH^ and per-iodio anhydride I2O7; then evolves 0„ and changed into IjOj, and finally into I„-f 0„. Periodates. Prej}. IO„ONa -|- CI, + 3Na0H = 2NaCl + Nab4l,NaOH,OH„ the latter a sparingly soluble com- pound.] I and N. [Nitrogen iodide NHI„ and NI3. Black insoluble powder, explosive, dangerous. Prep. Precipitation of alcohohc solution of iodine by ammonia. 3NH3 + 2L = iXHJ + NHI,. Decomposed by SH„. NHL -t- 2SH„ = NH J + S, + IH.]' I and S. S^I^ crystalline, brittle, steel-gi-ey solid. XI. Fluorine F = 19. F, = 38. Monad clement, never native. Supposed to be a colorless gns, when prepared by the action of iodine upon silver FLroEiDE AgF. Two chiet fluorides found native are : Calcium fluoride CaFj, or Fluorspar, and Sodium aluminum fluoride 3NaF,AIF3 or Cryolite. Compounds. F with H. Hydrogen fli-oride or HYDROFLUORIC ACID FH = 20. C(florless, mobile liquid of