Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays.

Albert Bernays

Date:: 1878

Credit: Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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$VII. Strontium Sr - 87.5. A dyad metal of yellow color. Hp. gr. 2.54. Harder tliaii lead. Decompose.s cold water. The name from Strontian in Argjde- sliire, where Hope discovered Strontianite, ' the carbonate of btrontium. Prep, from fused chlohide, Cl2S?r. Two oxides, SrO and SrO.,. Only one batsic; Stkontium oxide SrO. White. From (NO.,)2(b.2Sr) at a red-heat. With water, hydroxide Sr(0H)2. It.s HYDRATE Sr(0H).j,8aq. reqnires 50 parts of cold and 24 of boiling water for solution. Strongly alkaline: a test for G0„. [Stbontidm peroxide SrOj. By O, over heated Strontium oxide.] Sulphide SSr. From SOjSr +40 = 4CO + SSr. Salts of strontium: soluble in. water. Culoride 01,81,6011^. Deli- quescent needles, very soluble in alcohol and thus separable from CI.,Ba. Burn.s with crimson flame. Nitrate (NOo);0;Sr, 50H,j, oclahedra soluble in 5 of water. (Eed-tire a mixture of 80 parts of dry nitrate, 22 parts of S, 20 parts of C10._,0K and 5 parts of lamp-black. Great care required in mixing: no pounding in mortar.) Chromate Cr04Sr. Silico-fluoride FjSr.FjSi. Insoluble salts. Sulphate of strontium SO^Sr, native as Celestine in right-rhombic prisms of bluish hue. Often accompanies S in Sicily. Carbonate COO„Sr, native as Strontianite. Pho.sphate POOHOjSr, white powder. Strontium estimated as SO^Sr, containing 56.52 per cent, of SrO. The spectrum is most characteristic. VIII. Calcium Ca = 40. A dyad metal, never native. Light-yellow color. Sp. 1.578. As hard as gold, malleable and ductile. Tarnishes slowly in dry air. Decomposes 0H„ immediately. Burns magnificently when heated in O into CaO : in 01, into ChCa. Prei^ared from fused mixture of 2Cl„Ca with Cl„Sr, by electrolysis. Also from I,Ca by Na^ = 2NaI -|- Ca. Two oxides : CaO and CaO,. One basic oxide : Calcium oxide CaO =56. The well-];nown Quick- lime. White, caustic, infusible. In oxy-hydrugen an intense light : lime-Uyht. With water it combines, heats and slakes: into Calcium hydroxide {0K).,C& or '• slaked lime,'' soluble in 700 parts of cold and 1280 parts of bnlliug water. Alkaline. Absorbs COj : a test. Absorbs SH„ as OH, and SCa. Excess of (OH).,Ca in lime-water, called milk of lime. ' Calcium hydroxide in mortars, cements, &c. Frrp. by heating calcium carbonate CO(0,Ca) to redness: 00(0„Ca) = CO, + CaO. [Cal- cium peroxide CaOjjBOH, is precii)ilated by adding limc-wator to sodium peroxide Na„6._,.] Calcium sulphide SCa. White, insoluble in water. Phosphorescent. Prep. SO^Ca -[-40 =$