Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays.

  • Albert Bernays
Date:
1878
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    SOjCOH)^. Potassium alum (S04)4Z2Al2240H2, in octahedra and in cubes, soluble in i8 of cold and 2 of boiling water. Loses 10 of OH2 at 100° C, and other 10OH2 at 120°, and the rest at 200° C. : alumen ustum. Ammonium alum containing (NH^), in place of K,, is prepared- from the H3N of gas-works, mixed with acid aluminum sulphate. All true monad metals may sub- stitute K„. Tlius Na^, Cs„ Eb^, L^, TU, Ag,. IsomorpliouB salts, e.g. [(S0J,Na,Al„240H,.] [(S0,),(NHJ2,A1„,240H,.] [(,SO,)4L,Al2,240H2.] Insoluble salts. Aluminum fluoride FoAl^. As Cryolite, m Greenland. 3FNa, F^Al^. Contains 13 per cent, of aluminum. Ortho-pliosphate POCOsAl). The turquoise is a bydnited phosphate P,03,2Al203,50H2. Clay is a hydrated aluminum silicate 2SiO„',AU03,20H2. Felspars. Orthoclase or adu- laria is potassium felspar. Si04AlK,2Si02 or 6Si02,AL03,K,0. Albite is sodium felspar, and Labradorite calcium felspar. Pumice is altered felspar. Obsidian is fused pumice. Granite is a mixture of quartz, felspar and mica—the latter consisting of magnesium and aluminum silicate. Syenite contains Hornblende instead of mica. Garnets are basic double silicates of calcium and aluminum. Glass is a mixture of various insoluble silicates with excess of silica. Bohemian glass is SiO,(OK)„,SiO(02Ca),4SiOo. [K,0,3SiO„,CaO,5SiO„.] Crown-glass SiO(Ok)„SiO(()2Ca),2Si02. Flintglass. SiOCOK),, SiO(02Pb)4Si02. In this glass, lead replaces calcium. Bottle- glass contains aluminum and iron silicates, besides calcium and potassium silicates. It contains more basyl than the other varieties. [See MUler's' Inorganic Chemisby,' revised by McLeod, p. 420.] [XIV. Yttrium Y = 92. Is a triad metal, never native. Burns brilliantly in Go. The name, from Ytterby in Sweden, where Gadolinite, a silicate of yttrium, glucinum, cerium and iron, is met with. Prep, from the chloride, by sodium. One basic oxide: Yttria Y2O3, nearly white powder, of sp. gr. 4.842. Salts colorless. Sulphate (80^)31.2, SOHo. Colorless solution which does not exhibit an absorption spectrum.] [XV. Erbium E = 168.9. The metal probably a triad. Not isolated. One basic oxide. Erbium oxide B^O^. Faint rose-red color. Infusible, but glows with intense green light, exhibiting in spectroscope a continuous spectrum intersected by a number of bright bands. Sulphate (SOJaEj, 8OH3, in rose-colored crystals.]