Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays.

Albert Bernays

Date:: 1878

Credit: Notes for students in chemistry : being a syllabus of chemistry compiled mainly from the manuals of Fownes-Watts, Miller, Wurz, and Schorlemmer / by Albert James Bernays. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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$Symbol. At. weifjlit. Stibium . . Sb 122.0 Arsenicum . As 75.0 Bismuth . . Bi = 210.0 Vanadium . V 51.3 Niobium . . Nb 94.0 Tantalum . Ta = 182.0 aXXI. Stibium or Antimony Sb = 122. A triad and pentad element. Brilliant, bluish-white raetiil : flaky, crystalline (in rhombohedi-a, isomorphous with As), and so brittle that it may be poimded. Sp. gr. 6.7 to 6.8. MeUs at 450° C. Burns brilliantly with formation of antimonous OXIDE Sb203. By strong CIH, dissolves slowly as Ci.j8b. NO.,OH into METANTiMONic ACID Sb03H. Takes fire in CI; burns to CljSb. Chief ore Grey antimony ore S.^Sb^. Prep. of Sb. 2 SbA + 3O = 3CO., + 2Sb,. Alloys. Type-metal consists of 2 parts of Pb, one part of Sn and i of Sb. Britannia metal sometimes of r part of Sb and 9 parts of Sn. Antimonide of Zinc SbjZuj may be used for making Stibine. Antimonous hydride or Stibine HjSb =125. Colorless gas, burning with greenish flame to water, and antimonous oxide. With limited supply of air, burns into water, and Sb. Heated in a tube, into H. and a brilliant crust of Sb. The crust is easily soluble in (11^^)282, and separates on evaporation as SjSb,. Passed into 3N0.,0Ag, into jNOoOH 4- SbAgj. Prep, from any com- pound in presence of nascent H: CI3SI) -f 3H, = 3CIH + H^Sb. Sb2Zn3 -t- 6C1H =3Cl2Zn + iK^S\). Sb with'Chlorine. Anti- monous CHLORIDE Cf3Sb= 228.5. Deliquescent mass, fuses at 72° C, and boils at 223° C. Decomposed by water into ANTIMONOUS OXY-CHLORIDE ClOSb. CijSb + OH^ = 2C1H -f ClOSb. Prep, of CljSb. a. SjSb., -f 6C1H = 3SH2 + 2C\^&\i. h. S,Sbj + 3t)l2Hg = jSHg 2Cl.,Sb. Butter of antimony. ANTrMoyic chloride Cl^Sb = 299.5. Volatile, colorless liqnid. solid below 0° C. By OHj into 2 CIH -1- antimonic oxychloride CljOSb. By excess of water into CIH and orth-antimonic ACID SbO( OH)3. Thus : Cl.Sb + 4OPI2 = 5CIH + SbO(OH)3. In the same manner by SUj into solphantimonic chloride SCljiSb. Prep of Cl^Sb. From ClgSb + Clj = Cl,Sb. [Anti- iroNous bromide BrjSb. Puses at 90° C, and boils at 270° C. l3Sb in red tables. By OHj = 2IH -f lOSb. P,Sb.] Sb and Sulphur, a. Antimonous sulphide S3Sb2 = 340. In granite or slate rocks In 4-sidcd, transversely-striated prisms, as Stibiiite. Blue or Bengal ligiits consist of NO2OK 3 parts, S 2 parts and r part. Wlien roasted in air, into a mixture of SjSbj with ()3Sb2. In making antimony, after roasting, C0(ONa)2 has to be added as well aa charcoal for the reduction$