Punjab.

Date:
1908
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Punjab. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    the summits and upper slopes of three mountain peaks on the main Himalayan range, east of the Ravi river, lying 51 miles north-west of Pathankot, and 74 miles from Gurdaspur, at an elevation above the sea of 7,687 feet. The cantonments lie below at Baliln, and still lower down is Bani Khet, where a detachment and a wing of a British regiment is stationed during the hot season. The scenery compares favourably with that of any mountain station in the Himalayan range. To the east the granite peak-of Dain Kund, clothed with dark pine forests, and capped with snow even during part of the summer, towers to a height of 9,000 feet; while beyond, again, the peaks of the Dhaola 'Dhar, covered with perpetual snow, shut in the Kangra valley and close the view in that direction. The hills consist of rugged granite, and the houses are perched on a few gentler slopes among the declivities. The first project for the formation of a sanitarium at this spot originated with Colonel Napier (Lord Napier of Magdala) in 1851. In 1853 the British Government purchased the site from the Raja of Chamba, and the new station was marked out in 1854. No systematic occupation, however, took place until i860. In that year Dalhousie was attached to the District of Gurdaspur, the road from the plains was widened, and building operations commenced on a large scale. Troops were stationed in the Baiun barracks in 1868, and the sanitarium rapidly acquired reputation. The municipality was created in 1867. The income during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs. 23,000, and the expenditure Rs. 22,200. The income for 1903-4 was Rs. 23,500, chiefly derived from taxes on houses and land (Rs. 8,800), water-rate (Rs. 3,400), and municipal property, &c. (Rs. 4,800); and the expenditure was Rs. 21,400. The income and expenditure of cantonment funds during the ten years ending 1903-4 averaged Rs. 6,800 and Rs. 6,200 respectively. Water-works have been constructed at a cost of about Rs. 60,000. The principal educational institution is the Dalhousie Convent School for girls, and there are a church ancRa Government hospital. Dalhousie is the head-quarters of the Commissioner of the Lahore Division during part of the summer months, and an Assistant Com- missioner is posted to the subdivision during the hot season. The Punjab Banking Company maintains a branch here in the season. Dera Nanak.—Town in the Batala tahsll of Gurdaspur District, Punjab, situated in 32° 2' N. and 75° 7' E., on the south bank of the Ravi^ 22 miles from Gurdaspur town. Popu-
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