Punjab.

Date:: 1908

Credit: Punjab. Source: Wellcome Collection.

393/486 (page 361)

$belongs to the State. Started in 1867, magnetic iron, obtained mann- from the Chheta mine in the Rainka tahsJl, was at first smelted; factures. but the wrought iron produced could not compete with English mild steel, and the foundry was accordingly utilized for the manufacture of sugar-cane crushing mills, which found a ready market throughout the Punjab and United Provinces. The foundry employs 600 men, and its capacity is 75 tons per week. Much modern machinery has been erected. Persian carpets, floorcloths, and mats are made in the State jail. The only other industries are the making of wooden vessels, churns, blankets, &c., in the hills, and of coarse cotton cloth. Some cane furniture is also made.' There is a considerable export of agricultural and forest Commerce produce. Wheat, maize, and gram are sent from the Kiarda trade. Dun to Dehra Dun and Ambala, the hill produce going mostly to Simla and the neighbouring cantonments. Timber is also exported via the Jumna. Cloth, utensils, sugar, salt, drugs, and articles of European and Indian manufacture are imported. In bad years the Nahan tahsil has also to import grain from the plains. A good road leads from Barara on the North-Western Rail- Roads, way to Nahan, the capital of the State, which is also connected with the Rampur ferry on the Jumna by a good road. There are 82 miles of cart-roads in the State and, for a hilly country, communications are good. The administration is closely modelled on that of the Punjab, Adminis- the Raja personally exercising administrative control over the tration. departments, divided into administrative, judicial, military, police, accounts, public works, medical, forests (including tea and other estates), jail, and foundry. Most of the principles *of British law are observed, and almost all the Indian Acts applicable to the Punjab have been adopted. The State is divided into four tahsils. These are Nahan, state sub- comprising the old Dharthi and Khol wazlris \ Pachhad, the , , -r, • 1 • • and staff, western tract, in which is the Sam range ; Ramka, comprising the hilly country to the east; and Paonga, which contains the Kiarda Diin. Each tahsil is under a tahsilddr. The highest court is that of the Council, which consists of civil and the Raja as president, and five members nominated by him. criminal The court of the Raja sitting alone is known as the Ijlds-i-Khds. This exercises full jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases, and appeals from it lie to the Council, but sentences of death require the confirmation of the Commissioner of Delhi. Below it are the courts of the district judge and district magistrate.$

Punjab.

Licence and re-use

Contents