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Punjab.

Date:: 1908

Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Punjab. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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445/486 (page 413)

unfavourable position, i. 85; change from the close guild or caste system and payment in kind to free competition and cash wages, 85. Arts, industries and manufactures, i. 78- 85 ; of cotton, wool, and silk, 78-80 ; of precious metals and iron, 80, 81 ; of pottery, 81 ; of wood, ivory, and paper, 82, 83 ; mills, factories, breweries, dis- tilleries, and foundries, 83, 84; pro- tection of mill-hands, 84, 85 ; the gradual substitution in towns and vil- lages office competition between capital and labour for the guild or caste system, 85 ; khdshi or inlaid pottery, one of the lost arts of India, displayed in buildings at Lahore, ii. 34. See tinder Arts and Manufactures in each District. Arya Samaj, a theistic form of Hindu rationalism, founded by Dayanand Saraswati, 1875, i. 51, 52 ; its religious and social liberalism, 51 ; its schism into the mahatma and ‘ cultured’ parties, 52, 422 ; Anglo-Vedic College at La- hore, 136, Asarur, petty village in Gujranwala Dis- trict, identified with Taki, ancient capital of Punjab, ii. loi, 102; ex- tensive ruins of a Buddhist city, 102 ; mound of a stupa of Asoka, 102. Asoka, his pillar at Delhi, i. 293 ; siupas at Asarur, ii. 102, Shahdheri, 173, 174, and Manikiala, 170. Assessment, see Settlement of Land revenue. Atari, petty village in Multan District, with extensive ruins of a town and fortress, of name and origin unknown to tradition or history, ii. 239; identified by Cunningham with the city of the Brahmans taken by Alexander, 239. Attock, District in Rawalpindi Division with head-quarters at Campbellpore, ii. 174-187; generally stony, treeless, hot, and dry, 175, 176; distinguished by bitter factions and undetected crimes, 180; bibliography, 181. Attock tahsil, ii. 181. Attock town, with a garrisoned fort of Akbar, commanding the passage of the Indus, ii. 183; the river crossed by a railway bridge with a subway, a bridge of boats soon to be replaced by a per- manent bridge, and six ferries, 180; taken by British in first Sikh War, lost in second, 183. Aurangzeb (1658-1707), sixth Mughal emperor, his campaigns against the kingdoms of the South, the Marathas, and the Afghans, i. 28 ; at Delhi, 280 ; destroyed temple of the Sun at Multan and built a mosque in its place, ii. 242 ; his great mosque at Lahore, 35. B. Babar, the founder of the Mughal empire, i. 26, at Delhi, 294; his victory (1526) at I’anipat, 303, 317; at Hoshiarpur, 39.=; • Baghal, one of the Simla Hill States, ii. 377- Baghat, one of the Simla Hill States, ii. 380. Bahadurgarh, town in Rohtak District, i. 260. Bahawalpur, Native State, ii. 338-355 ; its physical aspects of desert and fertile Egyptian riverain with palms and lotus, 338, 339> 342; its dry hot healthy climate, 339; history, 339, 340; rail- way bridge across the Sutlej,352; postal arrangements, 344; administration by the Nawab, assisted by an advisory council, 344, 345 ; currency, 345 ; ex- cise and opium, 346 ; Imperial Service Transport and Rifle Camel Corps, 347 ; surveys, 348 ; bibliography, 348. Bahawalpur tahsil, ii. 348. Bahawalpur town, capital of the State, ii. 351 ; its mud wall, vast palace with underground apartments, and public buildings, 351, 352; its considerable trade and industries, 352. Bahlolpur, village in Ludhiana District, still inhabited by descendants of Afghan founder in reign of Akbar, i. 435. Baijnath (ancient Kira-grama), village in Kangra District, with Hindu temples and inscribed pedigrees of the Raja- nakas, i. 383 ; bibliography, 383. Bdjt'a, spiked millet, its area and yield, i. 60; prices, 155 ; for exports and im- ports see under Grains and Pulses. See under Principal Crops in each Dis- trict. Bajwara, ancient and decaying town in Hoshiarpur District, once with walls 18 miles round, i. 405 ; the ruins of its fort, 405, 406. Bakloh, cantonment in Gurdaspur Dis- trict, ii. 69. Balban (1265-87), one of = the Forty,’ the last but one of the Slave dynasty, his successful struggles against the Mongols, i. 23, 24. Ballabgarh, tahsil of Delhi District, i. 290. Ballabgarh town, i. 290. Balsan (or Ghodna), one of the Simla Hill States, ii. 372. Baiun, cantonment and convalescent ddpot of Dalhousie station in Gurdaspur Dis- trict, ii. 69. Bamboo forests in Kangra, i. 73, 74, 365. Banda, leader (1709) of Sikh rebellion against Mughal empire, i. 29; his savage inroad into the plains, 30;

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