Punjab.

Date:: 1908

Credit: Punjab. Source: Wellcome Collection.

463/486 (page 431)

$remains of many religious buildings and of the great siupa commemorating Buddha’s ‘ body-offering ’ of himself to appease the hunger of tiger cubs, 170 ; Hindu version of legend, 170. Manjha, a Sikh tract lying north of the Sutlej, now highly fertilized by Bari Doab Canal, i. 224; a great recruit- ing ground, 225; the high qualities of its Jats, ii. 18, 28, 45, 46. Mankera, village, with large fort, in Mianwali District, ii. 204, 205. Manure, its general and successful appli- cation, i. 58, 59. Marathas, the, their crushing defeat (1761) at PanTpat by Ahmad Shah Durrani, i- 31 j 303? granted Karnal to George Thomas, 316, later relations with him and with Patiala State, ii. 282 ; garrisoned Delhi (1788'), i. 295; siege of Delhi (1803) by Holkar, 295. Mari, village in Mianwali District, with ruins of Hindu temples, ii. 205; a branch railway terminus and depot for salt and alum of Kalabagh, 205. Marot, ancient fort in Bahawalpur State, ii. 353- Marriage, statistics, ceremonial, and cus- toms of, i. 45, 46; among Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and Muhammadans, 45, 46 ; the looseness of the marriage tie in Eastern Himalayas and Hill States, 45, 46; a table of married, unmarried, and widowed males and females, 46. Maund of salt= 102^| lb., i. 117. Mayo salt mine in Jhelum District, a full account of, ii. 155-157. Medical, civil department, controlled by Inspector-General of Civil Hospitals, i. 144; Civil Surgeon of each District, 145 ; hospitals and dispensaries, their staffs and patients, 145, 166; medical education, 145, 146; lunatics and asy- lums, 146; Pasteur Institute, 146; vaccination, 146, 147 ; sale of quinine, 147; village sanitation, 147. See under Hospitals in each District and State. Medical College and Mayo Hospital at Lahore, i. 145, 146; Medical School on Yunani (native) system at Delhi, 300. Menander, raised Graeco-Bactrian power to its zenith, i. 19. Meos, probably aboriginal tribe, their history and characteristics in Gurgaon District, i. 266, 267. Meteorology, general view of, i. 13-17; climate generally of extreme heat and great cold, but largely and widely modi- fied, 13 ; four natural meteorological zones, 13 ; the weather in different regions at different times of the year, 14-16 ; storms, cyclones, floods, earth- quakes, 16, 17, See also Climate and Temperature and Rainfall in each District. Miani, town in Hoshiarpur District, i. 408. Miani, town in Shahpur District, ii. 139 ; once a great salt depot, but ruined by railway to Khewra mines, 139. Mianwali, District in the Multan Division, ii. 189-205 ; generally healthy with extremes of heat and cold in the Thai, 191 ; its salt and lignite, 195; biblio- graphy, 199. Mianwali iahstl, ii. 199, 200. Mianwali town, head-quarters (1901) of District and lately created a munici- pality, ii. 205 ; the residence of the Baiyid Mians, 205. Migration, in the Province to the Chenab Colony, i. 41, ii. 221 ; emigration to British Settlements in Asia and Africa common among the Punjabis, i. 40; immigration from contiguous Provinces, 40 ; from Jullundur to relieve pressure on soil, the remittances of the emigrants, 415 ; from Kashmir, of shawl-weavers, 79j39G43o., Millet, great {Jowdr) and spiked {bdjrd), their area and yield, i. 60 ; prices, 155 ; for imports and export see under Grains and Pulses, 156. See under Principal Crops in each District. Mills, see Factories. Minchinabad, tahsTl of Bahawalpur State, ii. 349. Minerals, poverty of Province in, i. 75; of plains, chiefly saltpetre and kankar, 75, 76; of hills : salt, 76; coal, 77; iron, 77; gold, slate, petroleum, &c., 77, 78 ; of Himalayas, 175 ; of Salt Range, 182. See under Minerals in each District. Miscellaneous revenue, i. 115-122. Mithankot, new town in Dera Ghazi Khan District, a few miles below and away from confluence of Indus and Panjnad, ii. 270; old town on the river swept away, and its trade lost, 270. Moga, tahsll of Ferozepore District, i. 449. Moga town, i. 454. Mohindar Singh, Maharaja of Patiala (d. 1876), his wise and liberal govern- ment, ii. 285. Mohindargarh (or Kanaud), nizdmat of Patiala State, ii. 302. Mohindargarh tahsil, ii. 302. Mohindargarh fort, in town of Kanaud, ii. 306. Monasteries, Buddhist Jog at Bohar, i. 250; in Spiti, a description of life in, and of relations with Lhasa, 376-378; at Dankhar, 384; at Kanhiara, 389 ; at BundMa, ii. 55; formerly ten at$

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