The oxidases and other oxygen - catalysts concerned in biological oxidations / by J. H. Kastle.

  • Joseph Hoeing Kastle
Date:
[1910]
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: The oxidases and other oxygen - catalysts concerned in biological oxidations / by J. H. Kastle. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    decomposing the oxygen molecule, as a result of which not J well ' TileT, th,emselves be“™ oxidized, but other substances* da ton as™ o“ X aP?i‘Cati°n °f IIoPPe-Seyler-s theory of'J elation (1878). On the other hand, Schmiedeberg observed tl treusar°Th ,Cl00mPOUndS T m°re rapidly oxkli2ed ‘hen ph« phoius This, he says, is evident from the fact that in phosnh J poisoning m man following the administration of 0.1 t„P 0 2 of the substance, some of the phosphorus apparently remained! the body in unaltered condition after death. Hence he distl guishes between synthetic oxidations and those like the oxidalio, o phorphorus and points out that it is only substances contain! h) drogen that lenc themselves to such oxidations as the form™ e concludes also that m the apparent activation of oxygen in sud synthetic oxidations the living tissue acts not upon the oxygen mole cu e, but upon the oxidizable substance; otherwise it would oxidi^ ie phosphorus as readily as the benzyl alcohol or salicylic aldehvde essentially similar views have recently been advanced by Mathews (28» m order to account for the oxidation of the sugars (see footnote, p. 56j Schmiedeberg also pointed out that all of these oxidation process! have tins m common, viz., that the final product of the oxidatio] occurs in the urine in the form of a conjugated compound in whil it is paired with sulfuric or glycuronic acid, or with glycol. Hencj the production of phenol in the organism following the administra tion of benzene may result from the following changes: co so. Oil OH O and II + 0+HC6H5 = S02< / sOC6H5 h20, .OH {2) S02< + H20 = S02(OH)2+C„HrOH. 2\ o.c6Hs See also Baumann and Her ter (40)- As a matter of fact, Schmiedeberg found that a dog which had received 24 grams of benzene, in eight doses in twenty-four hours, excreted 1.6907 grams of phenol, of which 1.1005 grams were found in combination with sulfuric acid. Several years later this subject was reinvestigated by Jacquet (222), who showed, first, that the blood alone does not possess the power of accomplishing the oxidation of such substances as benzyl alcohol and salicylic aldehyde; second, that certain animal tissues or cell- free extracts thereof in contact with blood or atmospheric oxygen have the powrer of accomplishing the oxidation of these substances; third, that while such extracts lose their oxidizing power on boiling, their oxidizing powders are not destroyed by carbolic acid, quinine,