Kalm's account of his visit to England : on his way to America in 1748 / translated by Joseph Lucas ; with two maps and several illustrations.

  • Pehr Kalm
Date:
1892
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Kalm's account of his visit to England : on his way to America in 1748 / translated by Joseph Lucas ; with two maps and several illustrations. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    wall, nothing at all is heard, höres alsintet, although the other person whispered as loud as before. [T. I. p. 379.] The 30th April, 1748. M ull-vallar omkring ängar, köks-krydd- gårdar, etc. Earth-walls around meadows, market gardens, &c. A number of small enclosed meadows, pastures, and market-gardens, lie on all sides round and close in to London, and part of them also in the suburbs. Instead of fences, plank-fenc.es, walls or other kind of hedge around all these, high and thick earth-walls were cast up. These earth-walls consist of the same soil, jordmon, as is found on the meadows, &c-, viz., of a brick- coloured clay, tegel-färgad lera, with much gravel and Pebble-stones amongst it. In one place and another in the suburbs they had cast up walls around the market- gardens, for the most part merely of the dirt which had been shovelled together on the roads close by. The height of these earth-walls was various, mostly 6 feet, sometimes, though seldom, as much as 8 feet, yet often only 4 feet or 3 feet, but few below that. There was commonly a ditch on the outer side of them. The wall was broader at the bottom, but afterwards narrowed more and more up to the top where it was sometimes scarcely 6 inches broad. The breadth or thickness down at the ground, 8, 6, 5> or 4 feeL according to the height of the wall. When such a wall became old, it fell down in some places, for which reason it should be very often repaired. The height and inclination of the wall, together with the ditch outside it, prevented any cattle from getting over it as long as it was whole. By this means wood was spared, and no more time or trouble was required for repairing these earth-walls than with us
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