Kalm's account of his visit to England : on his way to America in 1748 / translated by Joseph Lucas ; with two maps and several illustrations.

Pehr Kalm

Date:: 1892

Credit: Kalm's account of his visit to England : on his way to America in 1748 / translated by Joseph Lucas ; with two maps and several illustrations. Source: Wellcome Collection.

90/520 page 70

$and ox-horn quicks till the wall has reached the desired height. Only it is noted that the wall is battered, or made narrower and narrower the higher it gets. Thus there may often be seen in such a wall as many as six strata of ox-horn quicks. The object of using these quicks is principally to bind the earth in the wall by them, and make it steady that it may not so soon slip down. Sometimes there were less strata of these quicks in a wall, as five, four and three ; but then there was also more earth between each stratum, up to the thick- ness of one or two feet; but such a wall was not so lasting as when more layers of ox-horn quicks were inlaid in it. In some few places there were walls of bare ox-horn quicks laid quite thick one upon another, only that they filled up the spaces between the horns with mould. Thus they knew liere to make use of that which in other places is thrown away. [T. I. p. 453-] The uth June, 1748. Ox-horn Walls and barriers around Market Gardens. To-day I sawon the north side of the Town abarrier or wall around a market garden, which was built of bare ox-horn quicks. The height thereof was four feet, the breadth [T. I. p. 454] the same. It was not here as in the former place laid strata-wise of ox-horn quicks and earth, but the horns were piled up on one another as thick as ever they could find room, and the interstices only were filled up with mould. T. he large ends of the quicks were turned outwards. The sides of these walls were quite perpendicular. On the top there was as much earth laid as would lie, S01TL kunde ligga qvar, and this was now overgrown with the following plants, which bound it together :— Convolvidns, 173. [C. Arvcnsis.~\ Hordeum, 107. [H. Murinum.~\$