An anatomico-physiological study of the posterior longitudinal bundle in its relation to forced movements / by L.J.J. Muskens.

  • Muskens, Louis Jacob Josef, 1872-1937.
Date:
1914
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: An anatomico-physiological study of the posterior longitudinal bundle in its relation to forced movements / by L.J.J. Muskens. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    TERIOR LONGITUDINAL BUNDLE IN ITS RELATION TO FORCED MOVEMENTS. In previous investigations respecting the circus and rolling movements occurring in different species of vertebrates, I had observed the important part played by the posterior longitudinal bundle, when injured, in producing these phenomena [107,113] ; I resolved therefore to make special experiments in this subject, and by means of the Probst “ concealed needle ” I made lesions in all directions, chiefly in cats, in the area between the nucleus of the abducens nerve and the posterior commissure. In each case the forced movements were noted, whether in the horizontal plane (circus movements) or in the plane vertical to the longitudinal axis of the animal (rolling movements). Forced movements were considered to be present, first, so long as the head and eyes remained deviated or so long as there was an inclination to go to one side, circus movements in a slight degree ; and secondly, as long as there was an inclination to lie down or to fall to one side, which I look upon as a slight manifestation of rolling movement. The character of the movements and the direction of the locomotion which is the consequence of them are determined in accordance with the normal anatomical position of the animal, the normal posture being always reduced to that of the primary vertebrate exhibiting the simplest forced movements, for instance the fish. A rolling movement exhibited by a patient, therefore, which commences with the turning of the chin to the left shoulder is, according to my nomenclature a rolhng towards the right, for, after reducing the posture and the movement to at ol the PrimaiT vertebrate, this movement produces locomotion to the right from the original position of the animal. The significance of the exact direction of the forced movement BY L. J. J. MUSKENS, M.D. Amsterdam. Introduction. it was found necessary to draw a sharp distinction in the horizontal plane, or circus movements, and to the longitudinal axis of the animal, or rolling appear in the table more than once; the present being employed as a means of ever, were by no means