Comparative anatomy / by C.Th. v. Siebold and H. Stannius ; translated from the German, and edited with notes and additions recording the recent progress of the science by Waldo I. Burnett.

  • Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold
Date:
1854
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Comparative anatomy / by C.Th. v. Siebold and H. Stannius ; translated from the German, and edited with notes and additions recording the recent progress of the science by Waldo I. Burnett. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Glasgow Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Glasgow Library.

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    These last are sometimes found alone.08' With many of these An- nelides, the transverse vessels are dilated, before branching, into real branchial hearts.09' As their branchiae are variously situated among the transverse anastomoses, the distinction between the arterial and venous blood is not as marked as with the Capitibranchiati; it must be arbitrary, as with the Hirudinei and Abranchiati. The blood is usually red, but sometimes is yellow or nearly colorless/20' CHAPTER VII, RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. § 158. With the various families of the Annelides, the respiratory organs are formed after wholly dissimilar types. With the Nemertini, they are least developed, for, excepting two longitu- dinal fossae upon the sides of the cephalic extremity,01 there are no organs which can be regarded as of this nature. These two respiratory cavities are of variable depth, and their lateral borders are so approximated as to have the aspect of a longitudinal open- ing, and with some they are situated so far out on the cephalic extremity as to be blended together.® They are lined with a delicate ciliated epithe- lium, quite different from that covering the rest of the body,® and by the vortex actions of which, fresh water is brought constantly in connection with the blood.® Considering the smallness of these organs, it is very probable that the whole skin has also a respiratory function. 18 Arenicola; see Milne Edwards, loc. cit. PI. XIII. 19 Eunice ; Ibid. PI. XII. fig. 2. 20 With Eunice, Nephtys,Glycera, and Areni- cola, the blood is red ; with Phyllodoce, it is yel- low 5 and it is nearly'’'colorless with Aphrodite, Polynoa, and Sigalion ; see Milne Edwards, loc. cit. p. 196.* 1 See Muller, Zool. Danica. Tab. LXVIII. fig. 1-4 (Tetrastemma (Planaria) viride); JJe/le Chiaje, Memor. loc. cit. Tav. LXXVIII. fig. 8, a (Polia genicu/ata); Quay anti Gaimard, Atlas Zool. de P Astrolabe Zooph. PI. XXIV. fig. 10 (Bor- lasia viridis) ; and the Diet. d. Sc. Nat. LVII. Art. Ters, p. 574, PI. Parentomozoaires, Nemert£s, fig. 1, 2 (Borlasia Angliae, and Cerebratulus hiline- atus) ; also Huschke, Isis, 1830, Taf. VII. fig. 1-3. Notospermus drepanensis. ^ Tetrastemma vi/ide, Polia genicu/ata, and Micrura fasciolata (Ehrenberg, Symb. phys. Phytozoa Tab. IV. fig. 4. e. i. g.). 3 See Quatref rges, lt£gne anim. illustr. Zooph. PI. XXXIV. fig. 1, b. b. (Nemertes Cainillae). 4 Rathkc (see above, § 149, note 1) is of the opin- ion that these two cephalic fossae are the seat of touch -, but the view of Orsted (Beschreib. d. Platt- wurmer, p. 18, 77), who thinks them of a respira- tory nature, is, perhaps, the more correct. In sup- port of this last, is the fact of the presence of cili- ated epithelium, and of a very large blood-vessel directly beneath them (see Quatref ages, loc. cit. PI. XXXIV. fig. 1, g. g. {Nemertes Camillae)) and which, in many Nemertini, is clearly seen through the thin epithelium *, see Muller, Zool. Dan. Tab. LXVIII. (Tetrastemma vivire) ; Belle Chiaje, Memor. Tav. LXXVIII. fig. 8 (Polia geniculata), and Isis, 1830, Taf. VII. (Notosper- mus drepanensis). * [ § 157, note 20.] See also for the blood of the Annelides, Quatref ages, Ann. d. Sc. Nat. XIV. 1850, p. 287. — Ed.