Freshwater sponges, hydroids & polyzoa / by N. Annandale.

  • Nelson Annandale
Date:
1911
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Freshwater sponges, hydroids & polyzoa / by N. Annandale. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    It is not known to what altitude the three groups range in the Himalayas and the hills of Southern India. No sponge has been found in Indian territory at an altitude higher than that of Bhim Tal in Kumaon (4,500 feet), and Hydra is only known from the plains; but a variety of H. oligactis was taken by Capt. F. H. Stewart in Tibet at an altitude of about 15,000 feet. PlumateUa diffusa flourishes at Gangtok in Sikhim (6,100 feet), and I have found statoblasts of P. fruticosa in the neighbourhood of Simla on the surface of a pond situated at an altitude of about 8,000 feet; Mr, E. Earkpatrick obtained specimens of the genus in the Botanical Gardens at Darjiling (6,900 feet), and two species have been found at Kurseong (4,500-5,000 feet) in the same district. GEOGRAPHICAL LIST OF THE FRESHWATER SPONGES, HYDROIDS, AND POLYZOA OF INDIA, BURMA, AND CEYLON. [A * indicates that a species or subspecies has only been found in one physiographical region or subregion so far as the Indian Empire is concerned; a f that the species has also been found in Europe, a § in North America, a * in Africa, and a © in the Malay Archipelago.] Territory *. 1. Western Frontier (Baluchistan, the Punjab, and Sponges :— 1. Spongillu(Eunapms)carteri'\<S> (Lahore). Hydboids :— 1. Hydra oligactis (Lahore). the N.W. Frontier Province.) POLYZOA :— 1. PlumateUa fruticosa f§ (Lahore). 2. PlumateUa diff'usa'^^lfiSih.orG). 2. Western Himalayan Territory. (Himalayas from Hazara eastwards as far as Nepal.) Sponges ;— 1. Spongilla{Eunapius)carterif® (Bhim Tal). 2. Ephydatia meyeni ® (Bhim Tal). Hydboids:—None known {Hydra oligactis recorded from Tibet). POLYZOA :— 1. PlumateUa allmani^ (Bhim Tal). 2. PlumateUa fruticosa t § (Simla). 3. Lophopodella carteri * (Bhim Tal). * I include Baluchistan in this territory largely for climatic reasons.
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