Encyclopaedia Americana: a popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, brought down to the present time : including a copious collection of original articles in American biography : on the basis of the seventh edition of the German Conversations-Lexicon (Volume 13).
- Date:
- 1830-33
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Encyclopaedia Americana: a popular dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, history, politics and biography, brought down to the present time : including a copious collection of original articles in American biography : on the basis of the seventh edition of the German Conversations-Lexicon (Volume 13). Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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![viceroy, who represents the emperor of Russia. The city was in an improving state, and increasing in population and trade, previously to the insurrection of 1830. It then contained thirty-nine churches, six hospitals, a military acade- my, a gyriuiasium, a lyceum, and a uni- versity, founded in 1816, consisting of five faculties, theologj', jurisprudence, po- litical economy, philosophy, and the fine arts, with a library of 150,000 volumes, among which were 15,000 Polish works, 7000 incunabula, and 12G0 manuscripts. Its situation, for an inland town, is favor- able for trade. The Vistula is navigable to a gi-eat extent, upwards as well as downwards. It has manufactures of woollen stuffs, soap, tobacco, gold and sil- ver wire, carriages, harness, and carpets. Since 1817, two great annual fairs have been established. In 1566, the diet of Poland was transferred from Cracow, the old capital of Poland, to Warsaw. (For an account of the insurrection of 1830, and the war which followed, see Poland, and Russia.) Wai-saw was captured by Paskiewitch, September 7, 1831, after two days' fighting. The scenes of horror ex- hibited there need not be detailed. Rus- sia is at present erecting a citadel at War- saw, to overawe the country for the fu- ture, the cost of erecting which (20,000,000 florins) is to be extorted from the unhap- py citizens. Wart {verruca); a thickening or in- duration of the cuticle. These little tu- mors form most commonly on the face and hands, and either drop off spontane- ously or may be removed by the applica- tion of caustics. Wartburg ; an ancient mountain cas- tle, half a league from Eisenach, belonging to the grand duke of Saxe-Weimar. It was built between 1069 and 1072, was the residence of the landgraves of Thuringia, and famous for its tournaments, especially in the fii-st half of the thirteenth century. The elector Frederic the Wise, of Saxony, caused Luther, who had been outlawed by the diet of Worms, to be carried thither, where he lived from May 4, 1521, to March 6, 1522, engaged in the transla- tion of the Bible. The room in which he labored is yet seen. The disorderly conduct of Carlstadt induced him to leave this place. (Sec Carlstadt, and Luther. For the meeting of the German students here, October 18, 1817, see Eisenach.)— The fVar of the Wartburg, one of the earliest dramatic ])oems, or dialogues in verse, in the German language, grew out of a poetical contest which took place about 1207, between six of the most dis- tinguished German poets—Henry the Clerk (Henry von Rispach), Walther von der Vogelweide, Wolfram von Eschen- bach, Bitterolf, Henry von Ofterdingen and Reimer von Zweten or Zwetzen, as- sembled at the Wartburg, under the pro- tection of the landgrave. This poem ex- ists, in two manuscripts, in the Manesse (q. V.) collection, and in the Jena manu- script of the Minnesingers (q. v.); from which Zeune jmnted it in 1808, Opin- ions difter respecting the writer. Wartenburg, Battle of, October 3, 1813. Wartenburg is a small j)lace on the left bank of the Elbe. Blucher hav- ing resolved to give a turn to the war, by transferring the scene of conflict to the left bank of the Elbe, left his camp ai Bautzen, September 26, and made a mem- orable maixh to the Elbe. The river was wide and rapid, and the pontons were thrown over it in the midst of the fire of the enemy. The Prussians were 24,000 strong; the French corps, under Bertrand, who opposed them, 20,000. The French were defeated with much loss. Warton, Joseph, son of the reverend Thomas Warton, professor of poetry at Oxford, was born hi 1722, at Dunsfold in Surrey. At the age of fourteen, he en- tered on the foundation of Winchester school, and, in 1740, at Oriel college, Ox- ford. He lefl the university after taking his first degree, and became curate to his father, afterwards exercising the same of- fice at Chelsea. He was created M. A. by diploma in 1757, and, in 1768, was ad- mitted to the degree of D. D. He pub- hshed, in 1744, a small volume of Odes, and, in 1748, was presented, by the duke of Bolton, to the rectory of Winslade, Bucks. Soon after, he married. In 1751, he accompanied his jiatron, the duke of Bolton, to France, as his chaplain, for the purpose of uniting him in the bands of wedlock to his mistress. Miss Fenton, a public singer, on the occurrence of the expected death of the duchess. The chaplain, however, returning to England before that event took place, another cler- gyman solemnized the nuptials. In 1753, Warton published a new translation of the Eclogues and Georgics of Virgil, ac- companied by Pitt's version ofthe^Eueid, with dissertations and notes, and became a contributor to doctor Ilawkesworth's Adventiu-er. In 1754, he was presented to the rectory of Tarn worth, and, the fol- lowing year, was chosen second master of Winchester school. His Essay on the Writings and Genius of Pope first ap-](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21136828_0073.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
