Alcohol : its production, properties, chemistry, and industrial applications with chapters on methyl alcohol, fusel oil, and spirituous beverages / by Charles Simmonds.

  • Simmonds, Charles, 1861-1922
Date:
1919
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Alcohol : its production, properties, chemistry, and industrial applications with chapters on methyl alcohol, fusel oil, and spirituous beverages / by Charles Simmonds. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    fore, this alcohol of wine we peculiarly call the alcalizate spirit of wine.” Early history. —Passing from the word to the thing signified, it is safe to say that spirituous drinks have been known from time im- memorial. Fer- mented liquors, in- cluding wine, beer, and mead, were familiar to the an- cients. Distillation appears to have been known to the Chinese from the remote past, and they perhaps have distilled wine, thus obtaining alco- hol from it ; but the usually accepted be- that the chemists a period in may lief is Arabian were the discoverers of alcohol from wine. nm. QO. mann! has recently contended that the discovery of alcohol probably took place in Italy, the article being first mentioned in an Italian work von Lipp- 1 Zeitsch. angew. Chem., 1912, 25, 2061-5; Chem.-Zett., 1913, 37, 1313 et seq. * + ~~ dh ee o> aly ni A ny ater Sih gal ee Fated me Let The body of the still is a large stone kol!lowed to form a pot; the head is formed of a _ hollowed-out log. In this is Fig. 5.—ANCIENT STILL USED IN CEYLON. The still is of earthenware ; a, b, form the alembic and head luted together; d,e, are the receiver and refrigerator, in one piece, connected with the head by a bamboo, c. The still is an earthen pot, having a hole in the side near the top, through which passes a wooden gutter as shown, connecting with the receiver. A pan filled with cold water is placed on the top, and luted to the pot with clay; this pan acts as a condenser. The spirit vapour condenses on the bottom of the pan, falls into the gutter, and passes out ‘to the receiver.
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