Hand-book of physiology / by W. Morrant Baker and Vincent Dormer Harris.

Date:
1884
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Hand-book of physiology / by W. Morrant Baker and Vincent Dormer Harris. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

    885/930 (page 855)
    6. Filirin-foriuing ferment (Se-lmiidt), (see p. 85, tt mj.), found in llie blood, lym])li aii<l chyle. 7. A feniient ■\vhicli converts glycogen into glucose in the liver ; being tlierefore an anij'h)lytic ferment. 8. Uiinury ferments. Oniank non-^iitrogenovs bodies consist of—-(i.) Oils and fats. (2.) Amyloids. (3.) Acids. (i.) Oils axd Fats. Non-sapo n ifia hie. Cholesteriu . . . C,„ H^^ 0 Stercorin . . . '? Sapomfiahle. Palmitin . . . C-, Hg„ Stearin . . . . Cj. H,j„ Olein .... C5I Hj„^Oo ! Excretiu Constitution. The ScqionifiaUe fats are formed by the union of fatty acid radicals with the triatomic alcohol, (rbjcerin (OH),. The radicals are 0,5 H,. 0, C,(, H^, 0, and G^g H,, 0, respectively. Human fat consists of a mixture of |;«^7;i't<M(, stearin, andoZewi, of which the two former con- tribute three-quarters of the whole. Olein is the only liquid constituent. General characteristics.-—Insoluble in water and in cold alcohol; soluble in hot alcohol, ether, and chloroform. Colourless and tasteless; easily decomposed or saponified l:>y alkalies or super-heated steam into glycerin and the fatty acids. Noji-Sapomfiahle.—Cholestcrin, C,^ H^^ 0, is the only alcohol which has been found in the body in a free state. It occurs in small quanti- ties in the blood and various tissues, and forms the iirincipal consti- tuent of gall-stones. It is found in dro^osical iluids, especially in the contents of cysts, in disorganised eyes, and in plants (especially peas and beans). It is soluble in etlier, chloroform, or benzol. It crystal- lises in Avliite feathery needles. See also under the head of the consti- tuents of the bile. Excretin (Marcet), and Stercorin (Flint), are crystalline fatty bodies wliich have lieen isolated from the fasces. (2.) Amyloids. Amyloids.—Under this head are included both starch and sugai'. The substances, like the fats, contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ; but the last-named element is present in much larger relative amount, the hydrogen and oxygen being in the proportion to form water. The following varieties of these substances are found in health in the Viody. («) Glijro(jcit (Of, H,„ 0-).-^This substance, which is identical in composition with starch, and like it, is readily converted into sugar by ferments, is found in many embr^'onic tissues and in all new forma- tions where active cell-growth is proceeding. It is present also in the