The dictionary of science and technical terms used in philosophy, literature, professions, commerce, arts, and trades / by W.M. Buchanan ; with supplement ; edited by James A. Smith.

  • Buchanan, W. M.
Date:
1884
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The dictionary of science and technical terms used in philosophy, literature, professions, commerce, arts, and trades / by W.M. Buchanan ; with supplement ; edited by James A. Smith. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    Ab'hal, the fruit of a species of Asiatic cypress, said to be a powerful emrnena- gogue. Aeho'rrers, a name given to a party in England about 1680, in opposition to those who petitioned for a redress of grievances. Ab'ib, the first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, called also Nisan. It begins at the spring equinox, and answers to the end of March and beginning of April. Its name, which means a full ear of corn, is derived from the wheat being full grown in Egypt at that season. Abide, from Sax. abidan, to continue. Abiding by writings, in Scotch law, means compelling a person to abide by a false deed as if it were true. Abies, the trivial name of the Norway spruce fir (pinus aides), which affords the Burgundy pitch, and common frankin- cense (abietis resina). Name, from nemo;, a wild pear, to which its fruit bears some resemblance. Abietic, from abies. A. acid (acidum abieticum), an acid discovered in the resin of the pinus abies. It crystallises in square plates, is soluble in alcohol, and forms salts with the alkalies. Abi'etine (abietina), a resinous sub- stance obtained from the Strasburg tur- pentine. A'biga, the ground-pine, or chamnepitys (Teucrium chanuepitys). Name, from abigo, to expel, as it was supposed to promote parturition. Aeigeat (abigeatus), the crime of steal- ing cattle in droves; called also abactus. See Abactor. Abil'ity, from Eat. habilitas, ableness, from habeo, to have. In law, the power of doing certain actions, principally with regard to the acquisition and transfer of property. Abixtes'tate, from Eat. ab and intesta- tus, without a will (testator). In law, applied to the person who inherits the estate of one dying intestate, or without a will. Abiotos, deadly; from as, not, and pioai, to live. A name given to hemlock (conium macidatum), from its deadly qualities. Abirritation, from ab and irritation, a medical synonyme for asthenia, debi- lity, &c. Abjuration, from abjure, I,at. ab-juro, to deny upon oath. A renunciation upon oath; e. g. “ an abjuration of the realm,” by which a person swears to leave the country for ever. This is much the same with what in Scotland is called signing an act of banishment, and was allowed for- merly in England to felons who had taken refuge in a church, and confessed their gaiilt. In some statutes, it is an oath disclaiming all allegiance to a pretender. The “ idjuration of heresy, is the recanta- tion of any religious doctrine as Ablacta'tion, the weaning of a child from the breast. In gardening, a mode of grafting, in which the scion is not sepa- rated from the parent stock till it is firmly united to the new one. It is now cailod grafting by approach, or inarching. Ablaquea'tion, from Lat. ab and laquear, a covering. In gardening, the operation of laying bare the roots of trees to the air and water. Abla'tion, Eat. ab-latio, a- carrying away. In medicine, the taking away from the body whatever is hurtful: evacua- tions generally. In chemistry, the removal of whatever is finished. Ab'lative, Eat. ablativus, from aufero, to carry away (of ab and feru). In Latin grammar, the name of the sixth case, peculiar to that language. Words are used in this ease when the actions of car- rying away or taking from are signified. It is therefore opposed to the dative. It is sometimes called the comparative case, as being much used in comparing things. Ablative absolute, is when a word in that case is independent in construction of the rest of the sentence. Able-bodied, in nautical language, it denotes skill in seamanship. Ablec'ti (selected). In the Roman army, a select body of soldiers chosen from among those called extraordinarii. Able'gima (oLToXiytAOi). In Roman archceology, the parts of the victim which were offered to the gods in sacrifice. The word is derived from ablegere, in imitation of the Greek a.-^oXtyuv. Ablep'sv, Eat. ablepsia, from not, and fihtvco, to see. Blindness. Ab'luent, Eat. abluens, from ab-luo, to wash away (Ir. lo, or lua, water.) In medicine, that which purifies the blood. It is sometimes used in the sense of diluent, and abstergent. Ablu'tion , Eat. ab-lutio (of luo, or lavo, to wash). I. Purification by water. Ap- propriately, the washing of the body as a preparation for religious duties, enjoined by Moses, and still practised in oriental countries. The priests of Egypt used daily ablutions; the Grecians, sprinklings; the Romans, lustrations; the Jews, Avash- ings and baptisms. The ancient Christians had their ablutions before communion; the Roman Catholic has liis before mass; on Good Friday, the Syrians, Copts, &c., have solemn washings. 2. In chemistry, the separation of extraneous matters from any substance by Avashing. 3. In medi- cine, the washing of the body. Abnor'mal, or Abnoioious, Eat. abnor- mis, irregular. Deviating from nature: unnatural. Aboard (o and board), Within a Mdjp
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