The Scientific American cyclopedia of formulas : partly based upon the twenty-eighth edition of Scientific American cyclopedia of receipts, notes and queries 15,000 formulas / edited by Albert A. Hopkins.
- Albert A. Hopkins
- Date:
- 1910
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: The Scientific American cyclopedia of formulas : partly based upon the twenty-eighth edition of Scientific American cyclopedia of receipts, notes and queries 15,000 formulas / edited by Albert A. Hopkins. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![(Hay) to avoid accidents from bubbling over, mix them well and then add the rosin broken into small pieces. Melt them over a very gentle fire and stir continually. When fusion is complete, remove from the fire and add the alcohol little by little, with constant' stirring. When all the al¬ cohol is incorporated pour the product into well tinned boxes and seal for preser¬ vation until wanted for use. 4. —Melt slowly 500 parts by weight of Burgundy rosin ; remove from the fire and stir in 70 to 80 parts of 90 per cent, alco¬ hol. Keep in wide-necked glass vessels or tin cans. 5. —10 parts of rosin, 1 of turpentine, 4 of alcohol. Stir in the alcohol last. 6. —35 parts of rosin, 25 of yellow wax, 15 to 20 of alcohol. 7. —Clay tempered with water, to which a little linseed oil is sometimes added. Used to cover the joint formed by the scion and stock in grafting. 8. —Tree Wax, Liquid.—The Pharma- eeutische Centralhalle gives the following formula for tree waxes that remain liquid in the cold: 1—Pine rosin, 70 parts; yel¬ low ceresin, 7 parts ; wood alcohol, 35-40 parts. Melt together the rosin and ceresin and add the alcohol with proper precau¬ tions. 2—Rosin, 60 parts ; yellow wax, 8 parts; hard paraffin, 8 parts; Venice turpentine, 5 parts; wood alcohol, 40 parts. Mix as above directed. Hay. Two hundred and seventy cubic feet of new meadow hay and 216 to 243 feet from large or red stacks will weigh a ton; 297 to 324 cubic feet of dry clover will weigh a ton. Haystacks, Covering for. Take any coarse fabric, steep it for a few hours in a strong aqueous solution of alum, dry and coat the upper surface with a thin covering of tar. Labels, to Preserve. 1.—Wooden.—The following method of preserving wooden labels that are to be used on trees or in exposed places is recommended : Thoroughly soak the pieces of wood in a strong solution of sulphate of iron; then lay them, after they are dry, in lime water. This causes the formation of sulphate of lime, a very insoluble salt, in the wood. The rapid destruction of the labels by the weather is thus prevented. Bast, mats, twine and other substances used in tying or covering up trees and plants, when treated in the same manner, (Mushrooms) are similarly preserved. At a meeting of a horticultural society in Berlin wooden labels thus treated were shown which had been constantly exposed to the weather during two years without being affected thereby. 2.—Zinc.—For zinc plates use with quill pens only. a. —Dissolve muriate of ammonia and crude sal ammoniac in strong vinegar. b. —For large labels, dip your pen in concentrated sulphuric acid and write on the zinc, previously greased; a sharp point of copper wire is better than the pen; quench in water; wash thoroughly from fluid when your writing is plain enough. c. —Dissolve about 75 cents’ worth of chloride of platinum in hot distilled water, adding a very few drops of aqua regia. The liquid should be of a pale amber color; enough for hundreds of labels. d. —Common lead pencil on zinc labels is almost indelible and becomes more dis¬ tinct with age. e. —Chloride of platinum solution, and better, sulphate of copper, may be used, and are perhaps somewhat more distinct. Mushrooms. Use an old bureau or chest of drawers as a cultivating bed. Fill the drawers to the depth of six or eight inches with an intimate mixture of good, rich soil and old, dry horse or cow dung in equal parts. Procure some fresh mushroom spawn (the French is the best) and insert it at vari¬ ous points on the surface of the soil. Sprinkle (not too heavily) the surface, and the beds are ready. If the drawers close tightly in front, the back of the stand should be removed and a curtain tacked up in such a manner as to shut out the light. The mushrooms will begin to show themselves plentifully in a few days, but it will be a fortnight before any fit to eat can be gathered. The bed will last, with an occasional watering, for many months and furnish almost daily a good mess of champignons. Potatoes in Cellars and Pits, to Prevent from Rotting. On the ground on which the tubers are to be piled spread a thin layer of un¬ slaked, finely pulverized lime, then a layer of potatoes six inches deep, then lime again, and so on. The tubers thus treated remain free from disease and where rot¬ ting has already commenced it is stopped. Trees. Coating for Amputated Branches and Wounds.—1,—Shellac, dissolved in alco- [26]](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b31361523_0040.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
