Volume 1

Herodotus : the fourth, fifth, and sixth books / With introduction, notes, appendices, indices, maps by Reginald Walter Macan.

  • Herodotus
Date:
1895
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Herodotus : the fourth, fifth, and sixth books / With introduction, notes, appendices, indices, maps by Reginald Walter Macan. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    444/528 (page 316)
    VI 7rpu>T0v<; Levai rov^i ^aaL\ea<;, vardrovi Be dinevaL' eKarov Be dvBpa<i XoydBa<i eVt aTpaTLrj<; (J)v\dacreLv avrov<;’ Trpo/BdroLaL XpdcrOai ev rfjat e^oBlrjab OKoaoLCi dv o)v iOeXcoai, rd)V Be 6vop,ev(OV TravTcov rd Beppbard re Kal rd vo)ra Xapb^dveiv <Tcf)€a<;. 57 ravra p,ev rd epuroXepua, rd Be dXXa rd elprjvala Kard ruBe a(pL BeBorat. rjv OvaiT] t49 Brjp^oreX^^; iroLerjraL, irpcorov^ eirl ro BetTTVOv t^eiv rov^ /SacuXea^;, Kal o-tto rovrcov irpSirov dp'^eadat Bi7rX7]ata vepiovra^ eKarepcp rd irdvra rj rotcn dXXoLat Bai- 5 rvpLovecn, Kal cnrovBap'^ia'^ elvau rovrcov Kal roov rvOevrcov rd Beppuara. veopurjvia^ Be 'Trdaa<; Kal €j3B6pia<i larapbevov rov pir]vb<; BiBoadai eK rov BrjpiocrLov iprjLov reXeov eKarepw e? ’AttoXXwi/o? Kal pbeBipbvov dXcjoLrcov Kal olvov rerdprrjv A.aKcovLK'qv, Kal ev rotai dycbcTL 'irdcTL irpoeBpia'^ i^aiperovi. Kal rrpo^eLvov<i diroBeLKvvvaL 10 rovroLCTL irpocrKeLadaL rov<i dv edeXcocn roov dcrrcov, Kal UvOlov^ alpeeaOaL Bvo eKarepov. oi Be HvOtoi elai deoirpoTroi e? AeX(pov<;, king wlien actually in the field. Cp. Time. 5. 66, Xen. Rep. Lac. c. xiii. Hdt. still writes as though, both kings went out to battle together, notwithstanding his own statement, 5. 75 supra. This observation convicts the whole essay of anachronism. 6. €KaTov. Three hundred is the usual number. Cp. 7. 205, Thuc. 5. 72. 7. 'n-popdrourt. The right to have an unlimited number of victims killed and to keep the skins and backs, may sometimes have been a temptation to excessive piety or procrastination (9. 61). But it might on occasion serve a strategic purpose (c. 76 infra). Cp. Xen. op. c. xiii. 2-4. 67. 2. 8t]|aot€Xi^s. At a state-sacrifice the kings take the chief seats, are helped first and to double portions, begin the libations, and have the skins of the victims as perquisites. The double portions were not, Xenophon informs us, 'iva 5nr\d(na Karacpdyoiev dW’ 'iva Kal dirb rovde TifiTjaat TLva PodXoLVTO, op. c. XV. 6. v€0|j,T]vCas. On the first and on the seventh days of every month each king was supplied, at the public ex- pense, with a full-grown victim to offer to Apollo, beside a bushel of barley- meal and a quart of wine (Laconian measure). The Laconian measures were probably the same as the Aiginetan (cp. Hultsch, Afetrologie^, p. 500). The first and seventh of the month were sacred to Apollo. Cp. A. Mommsen, Chronologic, pp. 82 f., 90. 9. irpoeSpfas. Cp. the anecdote c. 67 infra. 11. 8-uo. Xenophon, op. c. xv. 5, describes the Pythii as tent-comrades {crvcKTivovs) of the kings. As Hdt. states the number of ILddioc appointed by each king, and explains their func- tions, while he neither limits the irpb^eivot nor explains their functions, we are left to conclude that the Spartan Proxeni discharged the ordinary func- tions of Proxeni elsew’here but differed in the method of appointment; that their number was not fixed, and that the kings combined to appoint them. The treatment of ‘ strangers ’ (cp. 9. 11) might be naturally a concern of the ‘war-lords’ (3. 148, 5. 50). Cp. the jurisdiction of the icdkiimpxos at Athens and of the ‘Praetor’ at Rome. For instances of the Spartan wpo^evla abroad, cp. Thuc. 5. 43, 2 ; 6. 89, 2, Xen. Hell. 6. 3, 4 : two cases in which the irpo- ^evLa was hereditary, or quasi-hereditary, and dated from before the Persian war (cp. Meier, de Proxenia (1843), pp. 8 f.); two other cases, C. I. G. 1334 f. These representatives are not appointed by the kings apparently, and it is difficult to suppose that the kings had the actual appointment of the repre- sentatives of Atliens, etc. in Sparta: they might, however, have had a formal congd d’dlire. P. Monceaux, Lcs Proxinies Grecques (1886), pp. 9 fi’.