Volume 1

Herodotus : the fourth, fifth, and sixth books / With introduction, notes, appendices, indices, maps by Reginald Walter Macan.

  • Herodotus
Date:
1895
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Herodotus : the fourth, fifth, and sixth books / With introduction, notes, appendices, indices, maps by Reginald Walter Macan. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    466/528 (page 338)
    VI rj fieydXco^; fie ■^7rdTrjKa<i (})dfi€VO<; ’'Apyo^: alprjaeLv' crvpbjSdWopbat 81 S’ e^ptceiv p>0L to ')(^pr)aTppLov.'’ pberd Be ravra 6 KXeopbevrj^i t^v pLev irXeco arparu^v dnr^tce dmevaL e<; '^Trdprrjv, p^tXtoo? Be avrof; Xa^oov TOU9 apL(TTea<; TjLe e? to UpaLov Ovcrwv' ^ouXopuevov Be avTov Oveiv cttl rod /3(op,ov 6 lpev<; d'rrrjyopeve, (f>d<; ovk ocnov 5 elvai ^eiv(p avrodi dveiv. 6 Be K.Xeop,ev7]<; top Ipea eKeXeve rov<; etXwra^ drro rod ^copLod dirdyovra<^ pbaanyoiaai, koX avro^ eOvae' 82 iroLrjaa<i Be radra drrpie €9 r^v '%'Trdprr]v. voaT'paavra Be pLtv vTrrjyov oi C'^Opol vrro T009 €(f)6pov<;, (pdpbevoL pav BcopoBoK'paavra OVK eXelv to ''Apyo<;, rrapeov ev'jrereai<; pbLv eXelv. 0 Be (T(f>L eXe^e, ovre el '\lrevB6pi€vo<; ovre el dXTjOea Xeycov, c'^co o’a<j>r}ve(o^ elirai, ^ 5 eXe^e S’ wv ^dpievo<;, eTretre S?) to rod ''Apyov ipov etXov, BoKeetv ol e^eXrfXvOevaL rov rod deod '^prjcrpbov' irpo<i cov radra ov BuKaiodv ( if (1) there did not exist, outside Hero- dotus, a tradition of the Spartan king’s conduct on this occasion, naore con- sonant with probability, and (2) if there were not forthcoming an obvious explanation of the silence of Hdt. and of the origin of the Herodotean story. The story here is “the official Spartan” (Duncker, vii.®75, Busolt, ii. 49 notes), or at any rate it is a pragmatic version, in which the facts have been manipu- lated in a way to suit Spartan interests and honour. Cp. notes on c. 82 infra. 81. 2. dirt^Ke dirievat. Cp. c. 62 supra ad fin. Why Kleomenes should have been in such a hurry to dismiss the army, before making an attempt on the city, keeping a picked thousand (dpi- cTT^as, poetical), more than enough for protection, and less than enough for a storm or a siege, is not adequately ex- plained even by the story which follows in c. 82, for the truth of which Hdt. declines to he responsible. 3. t6 Hpaiov. The temple of Argive Hera was not in the city, but situate some 45 stadia from Argos (cp. 1. 31) across the plain, eastwards, on the spur of the mountains. Cp. Strabo, 368 ; Pausan. 2. 17 ; Bursian, Oeogr. Qr. ii. 47 ; Baedeker, Greece, p. 253 ; and especially Waldstein, Excava- tions at the Heraion of Argos, No. i. (1892). The Heraion entered by Kleo- menes was burnt down in the summer of 423 B.c. (Thuc. 4. 133). The new temple was a little lower down the hill, but not enough to affect the measure- ments of distance. 4, dirt]y(5p€V€. The incident recalls the similar adventure on the Athenian ^ Akropolis. Kleomenes had treated the it Athenian lady with more courtesy than 4 the Argive priest, 5. 72. But where was the priestess of Hera (1. 31) on this d occasion ? 82. 2. ot lx,6poC. Kleomenes had tk enemies in Sparta: who were they ? Were p not Demaratos and his partisans among || them ? Cp. Appendix VII. §§ 5, 9. 1' c(f>6povs. The king, even in the days h of Kleomenes, is admittedly responsible m {vweiidvvos) for the military conduct of k affairs in the field : yet we are asked to H believe that the Spartan king could ■ still at this time decide questions of n peace and war (c. 56 supra), i.e. of g policy. It is, however, very doubtful H whether the Ephors alone constituted ■ the court, which was more probably ft composed of the Gerusia, Ephors, and ■ perhaps the other king. Cp. Pausanias ■ 3. 5, 2 (d propos his namesake, anno 403 ft B.c.) paaCKei 8^ rt^ AaKeSaifiovluv 81- 6' Kaarripiov iKadi^ov o'i re 6vofia^6fj.evoi H yipovres 6ktx Kal etKoaiv 6vres dpi6fx.6v, |( Kal T) rOiv €(p6p(i3V a.pxv, avrdis Kal 6 rijs olKlas /3a<rtXei>s rfis Mpas. Cp. Gilbert, Staatsalt. i.'^ p. 60 and c. 85 infra. StopoSoKTjcravTa. 8upo8oKLa was the I convenient hypothesis to explain all ! miscarriages of arms or of justice (cp. f c. 72 supra); but judging by Kleomenes’ B other acts he was capable of taking the gifts and Argos too. _ ; 3. €V'iT€T^ws. From a military point * of view the criticism seems just. At least there was nothing earthly to excuse Kleomenes for omitting to make 1