Volume 1

Herodotus : the fourth, fifth, and sixth books / With introduction, notes, appendices, indices, maps by Reginald Walter Macan.

  • Herodotus.
Date:
1895
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Herodotus : the fourth, fifth, and sixth books / With introduction, notes, appendices, indices, maps by Reginald Walter Macan. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    520/528 (page 392)
    VI KaTOLK7]fjievov<; yap rov'i Jle\a(Tyov<i vtto tm 'T/jbrjaaS, evOevrev op/xco/jLevovi dBcKecLV rdSe. (poordv yap aleX rd^ crcperepa^ dvyare- pa<; [re Kal tou? TraZSa?] eV’ vBcop eVt t^v '^vveaKpovvov' ov yap 15 etvaL rovTOv rov ')(povov a^iaL kco oi/8e rolat dWouai ''EXXT^crt olKera<i' okoo<; Se eXOotev avrat, rou? TLeXacryoix; vtto vj3pLO<i re KaX oXiycopLTjf; (BidcrdaL a<^ea^. koX ravra pbevroL acfn ovk d'jro'^dv 7TOL66LV, dWd TeXo9 KaX i7rL/3ov\€vovra<i iTTL'^eiprjcnv ^avrjvau eV’ were never in Attica, they could not have built the wall round the Akro- polis : who, then, did build it ? Cer- tainly it was built in primitive prae- Hellenie, or proto-Hellenic, i.e. ‘Pelas- gic,’ times. The story of its building may be fabulous, and the comings and goings of the ‘ Pelasgi ’ are more or less pragmatic : but has Meyer shown that the Pelasgi should be reduced to the rank of a merely regulative idea ? The last word on the Pelasgian question is not yet spoken : cp. Mr. Arthur Evans’ forthcoming paper in J. B. S. 1895. 14. ’EvvedKpowov. There is an anachronism in calling the source by this name. The older name (to which the present has reverted) was Kallirrhoe. It was only in the days of Peisistratos that the spot was walled in and re- named, Thucyd. 2. 15, 5. In regard to its exact topographic position there has long raged a notorious controversy. Herodotus in this passage plainly im- plies that Kallirrhoe, or rather Ennea- krunos, was outside the city (of old), and in the direction of Hymettos. As a general indication this site squares with the passage of Thucydides, where he is describing buildings and objects outside the old 7r6Xts, which term is ex- plained to mean ij dKpdwoXis Kal t6 utt’ air^v irphs vbrov p-aXiara rerpapipAvov. The archaic Kallii’rhoe, the sources of Enueakrunos, must therefore be sought outside the ancient city, to the south of the Akropolis, in proximity to the Olympieion {i'yybs oHa-p Thuc. 1. c.). These indications place Kallirrhoe im- plicitly on or near the Ihssos, and so Plato, Axioch. 364 expressly i^ibvrt poi l^vvb(xapyes Kal yevop,ivtp p.0L /caret rbv 'TKiaabv . . KKeivlav bpQ rbv ’A^t6%ou diovra iirl 'KaWippbrjv . . . But Pau- sanias 1. 14, 1 mentions Enneakrunos in the neighbourhood of an Odeion (cp. 8. 6), apparently in his tour of the Agora, though in a passage riddled with liter- ary digressions, and full of small topo- graphical uncertainties. Hence an apparent conflict of authority between Pausanias on the one part and Thucy- dides et al. on the other: was Ennea- krunos in the Agora, where Pausanias places it, or on the Ilissos, where Herodotus, Thucydides et al. place it ? The following points are clear: there was a Kallirrhoe on the Ilissos, which Hdt. and Thuc. identify with Ennea- krunos. There was a fountain {Kp-fjvri) in the Agora, which Pausanias identifies with Enneakrunos. If there is any error here, it must be with Pausanias, not with Thucydides. The only possible reconciliation lies in the theory that there was a connexion between the springs on the Ilissos and the fountain in the Agora, a connexion established by Peisistratos, and that Thucydides is speaking of one end of the aqueduct, Pausanias of the other. Dr. Dbrpfeld claims to have discovered the conduit in situ. See Harrison and Verrall, Mythology and Monuments, pp. 87-91, Curtius, Stadtgeschiehte, pp. v, 87, etc., E. Gardner, in J. R. S. xiii. pp. 139 if. (1893), xiv. pp. 224 if. (1894). T€ . . -iralSas del. Schaefer. ov ■yap . . olKeras. In the Homeric poems slavery is an established institu- tion. Does TovTov rbv refer to an age anterior to the Trojan war ? Strabo (I. c. supra) dates it to the Boeotian invasion, i.e. after (60 years after, Thuc. 1. 12) the Trojan war. Hdt. 4. 145 supports the view that the expulsion of the Pelasgi took place after the Trojan war. There is then an anachronism in this Athenian tradition, which seems to imply that there were no slaves in Greece, nearly a century after the Trojan war. On the other hand the recognition of a period when slavery was not, and the associa- tion of that period with the ‘Pelasgian’ type, are significant points in Attic tradition. It is to be noticed that the antithesis between Athenian and Pelas- gian is pronounced in both versions. Cp. 8. 44, 1. 57.