The chemistry of essential oils and artificial perfumes / by Ernest J. Parry.
- Parry, Ernest J. (Ernest John)
- Date:
- 1908
Licence: In copyright
Credit: The chemistry of essential oils and artificial perfumes / by Ernest J. Parry. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by UCL Library Services. The original may be consulted at UCL (University College London)
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![gravity of -933 at 50°. It is known in both optically active varieties, that prepared from dextro-fenchone being laevo- rotary, whilst laevo-fenchone yields dextro-fenchyl alcohol. The specific rotation is ± 10-6°. Inactive fenchyl alcohol melts at 35°, and results from mixing the two isomers. Dehydrating agents, such as potassium bisulphate, abstract water, with the formation of the terpene, fenchene. A liquid chloride is obtained by the action of phosphorus pentachloride, which boils at 85°, under a pressure of 16 mm., and has a specific gravity -983. Schimmel & Co. have prepared an isomer of fenchyl alcohol, which they termed isofenchyl alcohol, by treating fenchene with sulphuric and acetic acids, and hydrolysing the resulting ester. Isofenchyl alcohol melts at 62°, and boils at 98° at 13 mm. Its specific gravity at 15° is 0-9613, and its refrac- tive index 1*48005 at 15°. Its optical rotation [a]d is - 25-73°. Fenchone, C10H16O.—This ketone occurs as dextro- fenchone in oil of fennel, and as laevo-fenchone in oil of thuja. It can be extracted in a pure state from either of these oils by treating the fraction boiling at 190° to 195° with nitric acid, and steam distilling the product. When purified, it forms an oil of camphoraceous odour, boiling at 193°, of specific gravity -946 at 19°, and solidifying at low temperatures, after which it melts at + 5° to + 6°. Its optical rotation is ± 72° and refractive index 1-4631 at 20°. It can also be prepared by oxidising fenchyl alcohol, the optical activity being opposite in sign to that of the alcohol from which it is produced. The inactive form results from mixing equal quantities of the optically active varieties. On reduction, as above stated, it yields fenchyl-alcohol, C10H17OH. It forms an oxime, C10HlfiNOH, melting, when quickly heated, at 161°. Numerous other derivatives are known, which are](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21687596_0051.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
