Therapeutics, materia medica and pharmacy : the special therapeutics of diseases and symptoms, the physiological and therapeutical actions of drugs, the modern materia medica, official and practical pharmacy, prescription writing, and antidotal and antagonistic treatment of poisoning / by Sam'l O.L. Potter.

  • Samuel Otway Lewis Potter
Date:
[1931], ©1931
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Therapeutics, materia medica and pharmacy : the special therapeutics of diseases and symptoms, the physiological and therapeutical actions of drugs, the modern materia medica, official and practical pharmacy, prescription writing, and antidotal and antagonistic treatment of poisoning / by Sam'l O.L. Potter. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    of a local sedative influence upon the end-organs of the gastric nerves, others by reducing the irritability of the vomiting center in the medulla. The act of vomiting being occasioned by irritation of afferent nerves from many regions of the body or impulses from the brain excited by impressions on the nerves of special sense, the measures and agents by which it may be combated are very diversified. [Compare the article entitled Vomiting, in Part III.] The most important anti-emetics are named in the following lists:— Local Gastric Sedatives. Alcohol. Alum. Arsenic. Belladonna. Bismuth. Carbonic Acid. Cerium Oxalate. Chloroform. Phenol. Potassium Nitrate. Creosote. Ether. Ice. Opium. Hydrocyanic Acid. Silver Nitrate. Calomel \ small Ipecac / doses. Hot water. Cocaine. General Sedatives. Opium. Morphine. Codeine. Hydrocyanic Acid. Bromides. Chloral. Nitro-glycerin. Alcohol. Amyl Nitrite. Food. Ice, swallowed in small pieces, is probably the most efficient of the local sedatives. Phe¬ nol and Cocaine are also effective anti-emetics, given in small doses by the mouth at short intervals. Astringents are very useful where there is congestion of the gastric mucous mem¬ brane, as in the vomiting of alcoholism and phthisis, when Silver Nitrate and Alum are espe¬ cially to be recommended. Opium and its principal alkaloid, Morphine, will produce nausea arsd vomiting in many persons, even when given in very small doses. Emmenagogues the menses, dyw, I move),—are remedies which restore the menstrual function, either directly by stimulation of the uterine muscular fiber, or indirectly by improving the blood and toning up the nervous system. Some of the direct emmenagogues are oxytocic in large doses. The principal members of this class are named in the following list:— Direct Emmenagogues. Indirect Emmenagogues. Ergot. Iron. Savin. Manganese. Tansy. Cinnamon. Rue. Quinine. Digitalis. Strychnine. Cantharis. Aloetic Purgatives. Asafetida. Cod-liver Oil. Alcohol. Hot Hip-baths. Apiol. Leeching the genitals. Guaiacum. Rubefacients to thighs Cimicifuga. Oxalic Acid. Tonic Remedies. Emollients (emollio, I soften),—are substances which soften and relax the tissues to which they are applied. [Compare Demulcents.] They relieve tension, dilate vessles,. diminish pressure on the nerves, and protect inflamed surfaces from the air and from friction. The principal articles which may be classed under this heading are the following:— Hot Fomentations. Poultices. Glycerin. Lard. Linseed Oil. Olive Oil. Spermaceti. Almond Oil. Petrolatum. Soap Liniment. Starch. Cacao Butter.