A clinical study of relapses in typhoid fever : with an analysis of 25 relapses in 21 out of 166 typhoid fever cases / by H.F.L. Ziegel.

  • Ziegel, Hermann Fred Lange, 1876-
Date:
1912
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Licence: In copyright

Credit: A clinical study of relapses in typhoid fever : with an analysis of 25 relapses in 21 out of 166 typhoid fever cases / by H.F.L. Ziegel. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    Mortality 1294 cases of typhoid fever with re- lapses 5-9% 1294 cases of typhoid fever without relapses 13 % Bena concludes that the mortality in relapses is less than half of that in ordinary cases, a con- clusion which can be drawn also from our cases, as shown by the following: Deaths Mortality 21 relapse cases with I 47% 145 cases without relapses with 21 14-5% 166 (total number of typhoid cases) 22 13.2% Death during a relapse is rarely due to toxemia, generally to a complication. Serious complications in relapses are compara- tively rare, the most frequent being pneumonia and intestinal hemorrhage, both of which were present in our fatal case. Other complications were bronchitis (in two cases;; and bilateral femoral phlebitis, suppurative parotitis, and tibial neuritis, each in one case. The ordinary expectant method of treatment was employed in these 166 cases of typhoid fever. While the administration of vaccines during the acute stage of the original illness is often harmful and is not advised, it would be interesting to note RELAPSES IN TYPHOID. e «-• B 0 *n 0 C/) irve, char- leight of a CQ (A a. a V a 0 u <U 0 3 0 u •-M 0 0 6 Year Sex Age Duration ( attack Character attack Widal 3 0 •o 0 0 s >» a u <u c Character relapse Temperate acter of cO V 0. £ a; H s .0 Ih 3 0 1 10 days. Sudden. Irregular. Below 103 15 days 2 Triple relapse 6 days. Step-like. Continuously high. Up to 104 & 105 39 days 3 1909-10 F 21 yrs. 26 days. Mild. Positive in Positive in 28 days. (Probably) Continuously high. Up to 105.5 14 days 4 1909-10 M 12 yrs. 45 days. Severe. relapses. Positive. 2nd relapse. Positive. 14 days. Sudden. Step-like. Continuously high. Up to 102-103 8 days 5 1909-10 M 44 yrs. 21 days. Severe. Positive. 5 days. Sudden. High, remit, last week. 101-103.6 16 days 6 ) Double relapse 10 days. Sudden. Intermittent. 100-102.8 14 days 7 ) 1909-10 F 21 yrs. 24 days. Moderate. Negative. Negative. 7 days. Gradual. Irregular. To 104 & 105 6 days 8 1909-10 M 19 yrs. 28 days. Severe. Positive. Pos. in rel’se. 7 days. Sudden. Intermittent. To 104 4 days 9 1909-10 M 15 yrs. 21 days. Severe. Positive. Neg. in attack. Positive. 5 days. Sudden. Continuously high. Up to 104 16 days 10 1909-10 M 17 yrs. 28 days. Severe. Negative. Negative. 10 days. Gradual. Intermittent. To 102 14 days 11 1909-10 F 6 yrs. 18 days. Mild. Positive. 8 days. Step-like. Cont. high first week, remittent thereafter. To 104 17 days 12 1909-10 M 28 yrs. 35 days. Severe. Negative. Positive. 4 days. ■ Gradual. Cont. high first week, remittent, 2nd and 3rd. To 104 21 days 13 1909-10 F 14 yrs. 31 days. Moderate. Positive. Negative. 4 days. Sudden. Intermittent. To 102.8 9 days 14 1909-10 M 15 yrs. 21 days. Moderate. Negative. 7 days. Sudden. 1st week cont. high, 2nd week intermittent. To 104 14 days 15 1909-10 M 44 yrs. 14 days. Mild. Positive. 4 days. Sudden. 1st week high, 2nd week remittent. Up to 1U3 14 days 16 1910-11 M 10‘/1 yrs. 22 days. Severe. Positive. Positive. 12 days. Sudden. Remittent. To 105 7 days 17] 1910-11 M 15 yrs. 31 days. 4 days. Sudden. Remittent. Up to 102.6 19 days 18 Double relapse Severe. Positive. Negative. 5 days. Sudden. Remittent. Up to 103.4 23 days 19 1910-11 F 17 yrs. 18 days. Mild. Positive. Negative. 10 days. Sudden. Continuously high. To 104 7 days 20 1911-12 F 56 yrs. 21 days. Moderate. Positive. 4 days. Sudden. Irregular. To 104 14 days 21 1911-12 F 13 yrs. 31 days. Moderate. Negative. Negative. 5 days. Gradual. Continuously high. To 104 23 days 22 1911-12 M 17 yrs. 42 days. Severe. Positive. Negative. 7 days. Sudden. Intermittent. Below 103 7 days 23 1911-12 M 6V2 yrs. 15 days. Mild. Negative. Negative. 9 days. Gradual. Remittent. To 104.2 12 days 24 1911-12 F 18 yrs. 20 days. Moderate. Negative. 4 days. Gradual. Remittent. To 104 14 days 25 1912 M 19 yrs. 38 days; Severe. Negative. Positive. 9 days. Step-like. Remittent. To 104 10 days M 13 F 8 Average, 20.4 years Oldest, 56 years Youre''st, 6 vears 9 of 21 cases under 16 years of age. 25) 550 Mild, 6 (below 103 deg. F.) Mod., 5 (103 deg. to 105 deg.) 25) 198 Average inou., a vruj ucg. to luj ucg..i Average, 7.92 days Sudden, 15 Longeslfir Severe,JO (up to 105 deg. or higher) 28 days gradual 6 Shortest, 14 original attacks Shortest, 4 days Step-like^ 4 - - ’ - (6 cases) 25 25)357 Mild, 6 14.28 days, average Moderate, 16 39 days, longest Severe, 3 4 days, shortest