Volume 1

Watts' dictionary of chemistry / revised and entirely rewritten by H. Forster Morley and M.M. Pattison Muir ; assisted by eminent contributors.

Date:
1888-1894
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Watts' dictionary of chemistry / revised and entirely rewritten by H. Forster Morley and M.M. Pattison Muir ; assisted by eminent contributors. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    co.o CH2C02H [e. 150°]. This is a mono-basic acid, and splits up, when heated, into CO., and the anhydride of the oxirn of acetophenone-o-carboxylic acid (above). ACETOPHENONE CHLORIDE v. di-Chlobo- ETHYL-BENZENE. ACETOPHENONE CYANHYDRIN C9H9NO, i.e. Ph.C(OH)(CN).Me a-oxy-a-phenyl-propio- nitrile, a-oxy-hydro-atropo-nitrile. Formed by mixing acetophenone with KCN, and adding fuming HC1 (Spiegel, B. 14, 235). A brown oil. Reactions.—1. KOHAq gives atrolaetic acid, Ph.CMe(OH).CO„H.—2. HC1 at 130° gives chloro-hydro-atropic acid: Ph.CH(CH,Cl).C02H (Spiegel, B. 14, 1352).—3. Ammonia forms Ph.C(NH.,)(CN).Me (Tiemann a. Kohler, B. 14, 1980). ACETOPHENONE-DI-METHYL-ANILINE v. di-Methyl-amido-benzyl phenyl ketone. ACETOPHENONE DI - METHYL - HYDRA- ZIDE C10H14N2, i.e. PhCMe:N2Me,(165°) at 190 mm. Formed from acetophenone and di-methyl- hydrazine at 100° (Riesenegger, B. 16, 663). ACETOPHENONE NITRANILIDE v. Nitbo- phenyl-amido-acetophenone. ACETOPHENONE PHENYL-HYDRAZ1DE 0. .^,.^ i.e. CPhMe:N2PhH [105°]. Formed by shaking acetophenone suspended in water with a solution of phenyl-hydrazine hydrochloride and sodium acetate (Fischer, B. 17, 576). Also by allowing a cone, alcoholic solution of phenyl- hydrazine and acetophenone to stand for a day (Eiesenegger, B. 16, 661), or by heating the oxim with phenyl-hydrazine (Just, B. 19, 1206). Slender white needles or plates. V. sol. ether, si. sol. water or cold alcohol. ACET0FHEN0NE-(/3)-PINAC0LINECluH1(iO, 1. e. Ph2CMe.CO.CH3 (?). [41°]. (310° uncorr.). Prepared by the action of zinc and HC1 on an alcoholic solution of acetophenone. Ehombic prisms or short pillars. Soluble in C6H6, ether, acetic acid, hot alcohol, &e. By heating with soda-lime it gives HOAc and di-phenyl-methyl- methane, Ph2CH.CH3. On reduction with HI and P, it gives a hydrocarbon C16H18 [128°], which is apparently identical with the hydrocar- bon formed, by the action of Na on bromo-ethyl- benzene : PhCHMe.CHMePh. Cr03 oxidises it to di-phenyl-propionic acid, CH3CPh,C02H. An isomeric acetophenone-pinacoline [70°] (c. 343° i. V.) is formed when acetophenone is heated with HI and P at 140° (Graebe, B. 7, 1625). It forms plates or tables (from alcohol). It is not attacked by AcCl; HI reduces it to the hydrocarbon C1(H1S (Thomer a. Zincke, B. 11. 1988 ; 13, 642). ACETOPHENONE-PINACONE C6H5-C(OH)-CH3 C,,H,R0., i.e. i C6H5-C(OH)-CH3 [120°]. Prepared by the action of sodium amalgam on a solution of acetophenone in dilute alcohol. Needles or prisms. V. sol. alcohol or ether, insol. water. It is split up on heating into acetophenone and phenyl-methyl- carbinol. Aqueous acids at 150° convert it into acetophenone-(/3)-pinacoline, Plx.CMe.CO.CH. ACET0PHEN-0XIMC!tH,NO,i.e.PhCMe:NOH [59°J. Phenyl methyl ketoxim. Formed by mixing alcoholic solutions of acetophenone and hydroxylamine; after 24 hours, the alcohol is distilled off, and the product crystallised from water. It forms colourless silky needles. Vola- tile with steam; soluble in hot water, alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform, or benzoline. Soluble in acids and in alkalis. ACET0-PR0PI0NIC ACID v. Acetyl-peo- PIONIC ACID. ACETO-SINAPIC ACID v. Sinapic acid. ACETO-SUCCINIC ACID v. Acetyl-succinic acid. ACETO-THIENONE v. Thienyl methyl ketone. ACETO-THIO-TOLUIDIDE v. Thio-acetyl- toltjidine. ACETO-VALERIC ACID v. Acetyl-valebic acid. ACETOXIM C3H7NO, i.e. Me2C:NOH Di- methyl-ketoxim, acetone hydroxylamide [60°] (135° i. V.) at 730 mm. Prepared by leaving an aqueous solution of acetone mixed with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, neutralised with NaOH, to stand for 24 hours; and extracting with ether (V. Meyer a. Janny, B. 15, 1324). Properties.—Colourless prisms ; extremely volatile and smelling like chloral. Very soluble in water, alcohol, ether, or benzoline. Neutral to litmus. Ether extracts it from a neutral, but not from an acid or alkaline, solution. It is readily decomposed by boiling acids (even acetic) into acetone and hydroxylamine. Acid reducing agents have a like effect, but zinc dust and NaOH does not affect it. B'HCl, white powder [c. 100°], very un- stable, formed by passing HC1 gas into a dry ethereal solution of acetoxim.—C3H7NONaOEt, crystalline scales, got by adding NaOEt to an ethereal solution. Benzoyl derivative Me2C:N(OBz), [42°], small colourless tables, very soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly in water ; formed by the action of benzoyl chloride on acetoxim. Benzyl ether Me2C:N(OC,H.), (c. 190°), oily fluid, soluble in alcohol and ether, insoluble in water; formed by the action of benzyl chloride and sodium ethylate on acetoxim ; on warming with aqueous HC1, it is split up into benzyl-hydroxylamine (H„N.OC-H.) and acetone (Janny, B. 16, 170). ACETOXIMIC ACID C3H6N202, i.e. CH3.C(NOH).CH(NOH). Nitroso-acetoxim, Di- nitroso-propane [153°]. Formation.—(1) By the action of hydroxylamine on M-di-chlor-acetone (CH3.C0.CHC12).—(2) By the action of hydroxy- lamine on nitroso-acetone (CH3.CO.CH(NOH)) (Meyer a. Janny, B. 15, 1165). Small prisms. Soluble in alcohol, ether, and hot water. Its alkaline solutions are colourless. ACETOXYL. Kolbe's name for acetyl. Now used to denote C2H302. ACET-TOLUIDE v. Acetyl-ToivinmE. ACET-TOLYL-IMID-TOLYL-AMIDE v. Tolyi- acetamidine. ACETURIC ACID C,H7N03 i.e. CH,(NHAc).C02H (acetyl-ghjcocoll, acetyl- glycine, or acetamido-acetic acid). [206°]. S. (at 15°) 2-7.
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