Volume 1

Watts' dictionary of chemistry / revised and entirely rewritten by H. Forster Morley and M.M. Pattison Muir ; assisted by eminent contributors.

Date:
1888-1894
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Watts' dictionary of chemistry / revised and entirely rewritten by H. Forster Morley and M.M. Pattison Muir ; assisted by eminent contributors. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

    737/796 (page 711)
    an odour of carrots (Lustig, B. 19, 11; C. C. 1884, 787). Acetyl derivative C10H13OAe : (246°). S.G. 2 1-011; colourless liquid heavier than water. Benzoyl derivative C10H13OBz: (above 260°); thick odourless oil. Dicarvacrol. C.,„H21i02. [154°]. Formed by the action of neutral FeXL, on carvacrol (Dianin, J. B. 14, 141). Thin silky needles (from dilute alcohol) ; insol. water, v. sol. alco- hol and ether. o-CARVACROTIC ACID CluH,,(OH)CO,H. Oxy-cymene-carboxylic acid. [13(5°]. Prepared by passing CO, over heated sodium carvacrol. White silky needles. Sublimable. V. sol. hot water, alcohol, and ether, nearly insol. cold water. Alcoholic Fe„Cl6 gives a violet coloura- tion (Lustig, B. 19, 18). p-Carvacrotic acid C10H,„(OH)CO.,H. Oxy- cymene-carboxylic acid. [80°]. Obtained by oxidation of carvaerotic aldehyde (from carvacrol, CHOI,, and NaOH) with KMn04. Long white silky needles. Can be sublimed and distilled with steam. V. sol. hot water, alcohol, and ether, nearly insol. cold water. Green coloura- tion with alcoholic Fe.,Cl,. (Lustig, B. 19, 16). ^-CARVACROTIC ALDEHYDE C,iH2(CH.))(C3H7)(OH)(CHO) [1:4:2:5] (?) Oxy. aldehydo-cymanc. (c. 236°). Formed by heating carvacrol with aqueous NaOH and chloroform. Oil. Volatile with steam (Lustig, B. 19, 14). An isomeride [96°] has also been described as ^-carvaerotic aldehyde. It is left as a resi- due after distilling off the volatile aldehyde with steam. White silky flat plates. Easily soluble in alcohol, ether, and benzene, sparingly in hot water, insoluble in cold water (Nord- mann, B. 17, 2G32). CARVACRYL-AMINE 010H13NH2. Methyl- propyl-phenyl-aminc. (242°). Formed, together with di-carvacryl-arnine, by heating carvacrol with ammoniacal ZnBr, or ZnCL and NH[Br or NH,C1 at 350°-360°; yield, 25 to 30 p.c. Colourless oil, which solidifies at —16° B'2H2CLPtCl4: yellow prisms, si. sol. hot water. Acetyl derivative C10H,:).NHAc : [115°]; white glistening tables ; si. sol. hot water, v. sol. warm alcohol. Benzoyl derivative C,0H13.NHBz : [102°] ; flat glistening crystals; nearly insol. water, si. sol. cold alcohol, v. sol. hot alcohol, and benzene (Lloyd, B. 20, 1261). Di-carvacryl-amine (CI(1H13)2NH. (344°- 348°). Formed as above, the yield is 27 to 40 p.c. Colourless oil. V. sol. alcohol, ether, and benzene. Its solution in cone. H2SO, is coloured blue by nitrites and nitrates.—B'HCl. —B'2H2Cl2PtCl4. Acetyl derivative (O10H,3)2NAc: [78°]; white glistening scales; v. sol. hot alcohol and ligroin, si. sol. in the cold (Lloyd, B. 20, 1261). CARVACRYL-GLYCOLLIC ACID C12H1603 i.e. C10H13O.CH,.CO,,H. [140°]. From carvacrol, ehloro-acetic acid and potash (Spica, G. 10, 345). Flat needles.—PbA'.—AgA'. Ethyl ether EtA. [c. 100°]. (289°). Amide Cl.,H,.O...NH.>. [68°]. CARVACRYL-LACTIC ACID C13H]803 i.e. C,„H13O.CMeH.CO,H. [74°J. From carvacrol, a-chloro-propionic acid, and potash (Seiehilone, O. 12, 49). Prisms, v. e. sol. alcohol, ether, and chloroform. CARVACRYL MERCAPTAN C10H,4S i.e. C6H3MePr(SH) [1:4:2]. (236°). S.G. U2 -998. From camphor or carvacrol and P.,S5 (Flesch, B. 0, 478; Roderburg, B. 6, 669; Kekule a. Fleischer, B. 6, 934). Liquid. HN03 oxidises it to sulpho- toluic acid (Bechler, J. pr. [2] 8, 168). Salts.—Hg(C1(,H,.,S).,. [109°] (Fittica, A. 172, 327). - 0wHwS.Hg01. - C10H13SAg. - CI0H13SAgAgNO3. Methyl ether C10H13SMe. (244°). S.G. -99. TRI-CARVACRYL PHOSPHATE P0(0C,uH13)3. [75°]. Colourless prisms or tables. Easily soluble in alcohol, ether, and benzene, more sparingly in petroleum-ether. Formed by heat- ing carvacrol with POCl3; yield, 55-00 p.c. of the theoretical (Kreysler, B. 18, 1704). CARVACRYL-PHOSPHORIC ACID CuH3MePr.O.P03H2 [1:4:2]. Formed by the action of POCl3 upon carvacrol, and treatment with aqueous K..CO.,. The potassium salt A'K5aq forms large silvery plates. By alkaline KMnO, it is oxidised to oxyisopropyl-salieylie acid C6H3(CMe.,OH)(OH)CO.,H [4:2:1] (Heymann a. Konigs, B. 19, 3309). TETRA-CARVACRYL SILICATE Si(OC]()H13).,. (380°-390°) at 118 mm. Colourless oil. Formed by heating carvacrol with SiCl4; the yield is 85 p.c. of the theoretical (Hertkorn, B. 18, 1694). CARVACRYL-SULPHURIC ACID C„H3MePr.O.S03H[1:4:2]. Cnmyl-sulphuricacid. The potassium salt is formed by adding potas- sium pyrosulphate to a warm solution of car- vacrol in aqueous KOH. Silvery plates. V. sol. water and alcohol. By alkaline permanganate it is oxidised to oxyisopropyl-salieylie acid C6H3(CMe,OH)(OH)CO.,H [4:2:1] (Heymann a. Konigs, B. 19, 3309). CARVENE. A terpene present in oil of caraway, v. Terpenes. Nitroso-carvene v. Caevoxim. CARVEOL C10H1VOH. (219°). Thick fluid. Formed by reduction of carvol with sodium and alcohol. With phenyl cyanate it reacts to form carveyl-phenyl-carbamate [84°] (Leuchart, B. 20, 114). CARVEYL PHENYL-CARBAMATE C, 0H15O.CO.NPhH. [84°]. Formed by the action of phenyl cyanate upon carveol C,„Hl5.OH. Slender needles. V. sol. hot alcohol, si. sol. ether and ligroin (Leuchart, B. 20, 114). CARVOL Cn.HnO. (228°) (B. Schiff, B. 19, 562). S.G. li -9667 (Gladstone, C. J. 49, 621) ; -9574 (Fliickiger, At. Ph. [3] 22, 361). 1-5020 (G.). BA 76-68 (G.). S.V. 190-26. H.F.p. 48,250 ((C,0.,) = 94,000; (H...O) = 69,000) (Stohmann, J. pr. [2] 34, 322). Occurrence.—In oil of caraway (oleum carvi) together with carvene (173°) (Volckel, A. 85, 246). In oil of dill (AnctJium gravcolcns) and of mint (Mentha crispa). The carvol in the oils of caraway and of dill is dextro-rotatory, but that from oil of mint is h-evo-rotatory [o]= —62-46 at 2° (Beyer, Ar. Ph. [3J 21, 283). According to Fliickiger (Ar. Ph. [3] 22, 361) the rotatory power of carvol is [a]D = 58-2°. Properties.—Liquid. Carvol from all three sources forms the same crystalline compound (C,(,Hl,0),,H.,S [187°] when H.,S is passed into its alcoholic solution. When prepared from oils