Griffith's materia medica and pharmacy : for the use of medical and pharmaceutical students.

Date:
1887
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Griffith's materia medica and pharmacy : for the use of medical and pharmaceutical students. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    separates into two strata, the lower one, which is crude chloroform, is removed, washed repeatedly with successive portions of distilled water, and then shaken with its own volume of sulphuric acid. When the mixture settles, the chloroform is again separated, mixed with 2 oz. of chloride of calcium and J oz. of slaked lime, and again distilled over a water-bath. The following reactions indicate the probable steps in the process :— 1st. 2C2H,0 + 02 = 2C2H4O + 2H2O Alcohol. Oxygen. Aldehyd. Water. 2nd. C2H40 + 3Cl2 = C2HC]30 + 3HCl Aldehyd. Chlorine. Chloral. Hydrochloric Acid. 3rd. 2C2HCI3O + Ca2H0 = Ca2CH02 + 2CHCI3 Chloral. Hydrate of Formate of Chloroform. Calcium. Calcium. The process as a whole may be thus expressed :— 4C2HgO + 8CaCl202 = 2CHCI3 + 3(Ca2CH02) + 5CaCl2 + Alcohol. Hypochlorite Chloroform. Formate of Chloride of of Calcium. Calcium. Calcium. 8H^ Water. Chloroform is a colourless liquid with a peculiar ethereal odour and sweet taste. Its sp. gr. is 1'497. It is slightly soluble in water, but soluble in all proportions of alcohol and ether. It is neutral in reaction, should not be coloured by sulphuric acid, and should leave no residue or unpleasant odour after evaporation. It is decomposed by fixed alkalies, and, on exposure to air and light, is apt to be decomposed into hydrochloric acid and chlorine. It is a powerful solvent of caoutchouc, gutta-percha, resins, many fats and vegetable alkaloids. The following are its Pharmacopoeial preparations :—AqiLa Chloroformiy Lmimentum Chloroformi^ S^iritus Chloroformi,