Malaria, influenza and dengue / by Julius Mannaberg [and] O. Leichtenstern ; ed., with additions by Ronald Ross, J.W.W. Stephens and Albert S. Grünbaum ; Auth. tr. from the German, under the editorial supervision of Alfred Stengle.

  • Mannaberg, Julius, 1860-1941.
Date:
1905
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Malaria, influenza and dengue / by Julius Mannaberg [and] O. Leichtenstern ; ed., with additions by Ronald Ross, J.W.W. Stephens and Albert S. Grünbaum ; Auth. tr. from the German, under the editorial supervision of Alfred Stengle. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.

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    Hippocrates* classifies fevers without evident pain (therefore without distinct localization of the symptoms) exactly as we do. He writesf: Omitting those arising with evident pain, there are four types, the names of which are: continued fever, quotidian fever, ter- tian fever, and quartan fever. That the distribution of fevers over different seasons was remarked by Hippocrates is shown by the fol- lowing quotations: Of summer, certain of these (already mentioned), and continued, ardent, and tertian fevers, etc.; further: Of autumn, most of the summer, quartan, and irregular fevers, enlarged spleen, dropsy, etc.J No one would fail to recognize that his irregular fevers refer to relapsing fevers, his enlarged spleen and dropsy, to malarial cachexia. That Hippocrates appreciated the causal connection between fever and cachexia is evident from many expressions like the following: This disease is habitual to them both in summer and in winter, and in addition they are very subject to dropsies of a most fatal char- acter ; and in summer dysenteries, diarrheas, and protracted quartan fevers seize them, and these diseases, when prolonged, dispose such constitutions to dropsies, and thus prove fatal.§ Or: Convalescents (therefrom) will pass into quartans, and from quartans into drop- sies. || The favorable influence of humidity on fever is shown by: But if the winter be dry and northerly, and the spring showery and south- erly, the summer will necessarily be of a febrile character.** In relation to marsh land and the dwellers thereon he writes: As to the inhabitants of Phasis, their country is fenny, warm, humid, and wooded; copious and severe rains occur there at all seasons; and the life of the inhabitants is spent among the fens, for their dwell- ings are constructed of wood and reeds and are erected amidst the waters. For these reasons the Phasians have shapes different from those of all other men; for they are large in stature and of very gross habit of body, so that not a joint or vein is visible. In color they are sallow, as if affected with jaundice. Of all men, they have the roughest voices, ft Hippocrates attributes the origin of the fever to the drinking of * Hippocrates, Sammtliche Werke, Uebersetzung von R. Fuchs, Miinchen, by Dr. Liineberg, 1895. [The English translator has followed the translation of Francis Adams, for the Sydenham Society, except in the first instance quoted from the book on the Nature of Man, which Adams considered spurious.—Ed.] t Nature of Man, chap. xvi. J Aphorisms, sect, iii, 21 and 22. § Airs, Waters, and Places, chap. viii. || Ihid., chap. x. ** Ihid., chap. x. tt Ihid., chap. xx.