Elements of chemistry / By the late Edward Turner. Edited by J. Liebig and W. Gregory.
- Edward Turner
- Date:
- 1842
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Elements of chemistry / By the late Edward Turner. Edited by J. Liebig and W. Gregory. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by Royal College of Physicians, London. The original may be consulted at Royal College of Physicians, London.
1231/1304 page 1205
![Scharling has recently examined the brown organic matter which Ifives the colour to inspissated urine, and seems also to be the Source of its peculiar odour. He obtained a brown fusible resin- ous mass, having a strong odour of castoreum when dry, and a rrinous smell when boiled with water. He calls it oxide of omich- [tyle, (from of/jiyjAa, urine,) and supposes it to contain a radical, snichmyle, the composition of which is still unknown. AVhen urine is distilled with an excess of nitric acid, there are ormed several products, among which Scharling states that he lias ibserved benzoic acid, and an acid containing chlorine derived from ;ie salts of the urine. This acid appears also to be formed when xxidc of omichmyle is distilled with nitromuriatic acid. From his nalysis Scharling deduces the formula ChH3C103 + HO, which ^presents benzoic acid in which ] cq. of hydrogen is replaced by eq. of chlorine. It is also isomeric with chloride of salicule or lhlorosaliculic acid. Along with this acid there is formed a volatile greenish yellow ill, which Scharling found to contain twice as much chlorine, and :ie elements of nitric acid. This compound he calls nitro-chloro- liehmyle. When heated with acids, it is decomposed, and yields mother oily matter, chloromichmylc. All these observations re- tuire confirmation. The urine of herbivora is alkaline, and, when the animals are tall-fed, contains, besides urea, hippuric acid ; but when they vve in the open air, or are forced to labour, benzoic acid alone s found. The urine of the carnivora is acid, and contains phosphates and ulphates of ammonia and soda, as well as uric acid and urea. The urine of serpents and of birds is of a soft semisolid consist- ence, and dries into a mass like chalk. It is almost pure urate of mmonia, but contains a small quantity of phosphates. Urinary calculi. — The most abundant calculi are those of Irric acid. They have generally a fawn colour, are soluble in caus- |ic potash, and precipitated from the solution by acids. They also il issolve in nitric acid with the aid of heat; and the solution, when jj ently evaporated to dryness, leaves a purple stain of murexide. jl /his species of calculus is totally consumed before the blowpipe, jicaving a mere trace of ashes. Urate of ammonia occasionally forms a calculus, which is dis- 4 K](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b28039695_1231.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
