Diseases of metabolism and of the blood : animal parasites, toxicology / ed. by Richard C. Cabot ... An authorized translation from "Die deutsche klinik" under the general editorial supervision of Julius L. Salinger, M. D. With one colored plate and fifty-eight illustrations in the text.
- Richard Clarke Cabot
- Date:
- 1906
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Diseases of metabolism and of the blood : animal parasites, toxicology / ed. by Richard C. Cabot ... An authorized translation from "Die deutsche klinik" under the general editorial supervision of Julius L. Salinger, M. D. With one colored plate and fifty-eight illustrations in the text. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University Libraries/Information Services, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the the Augustus C. Long Health Sciences Library at Columbia University and Columbia University.
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![less than the requirement for maintenance, fat is always lost; when it is greater than the requirement for maintenance fat is always accumulated. In the former case we speak of under-nutrition, in the latter case of over- nutrition. Although I shall he repeating what is known to most readers, it is neces- sary to devote a few lines to the definitions of food necessary for maintt nance, of over-nutrition, and of under-nutrition. In proportion to the requiremenl of the colls, according to the amount of work required of them externally and internally in heat production, etc., the body arranges the use of material for combustion. When the combustion value of the food is equal to the demand, the equilibrium of metabolism in tin' body is preserved. The amount of food which is necessary for this we call food necessary for maintenance Most normal persons, if Lefi to them- selves and following their own inclination-, usually take neither more nor Less food than is necessary for maintenance; variations in this balance of nutrition may occur, but the deficiency of one day is made up the next. Con- sequently it is the rule that normal adult- remain for years and decades at about the same weight. The proportion of food which is necessary for the equilibrium of metabolism, calculated per day and for each kilo of the body- weight, must have a combustion value of from thirty to thirty-five calories in complete rest (in bed), thirty-five to forty calories with lighl exercise, forty to forty-five calories with moderate exercise, and forty-five to sixty calories in exhausting muscular labor. For children these figure- are to be raised about one-third, for the they are to be lowered about one-fourth. There are no decided differences between males and femali -. T • -•• figures relate to a moderate condition of nutrition'; in the obese they are from twenty to twenty-five per cent. lower, in very thin persons they are just as much higher, for while fat in- creases the body-weight it take- qo pari in metabolism. This ratio will enable u- to calculate the amount of food necessary in the individual case with suffi- cient exactness for practical purposes. 3. OCCURRENCE AND CONSEQUENCES OF UNDER-NUTRITION A- -oon as the supply of food (i. e., it- combustion value) falls below that required for maintenance we have a Btate of hyponutrition. The onder-nour- ished body doc- not accommodate it- combustion processes to a lower Bcale—- except perhaps in the mosl extreme marasmus and in the death agony. When the supply is Less than the requirement, it lives upon its own body substance. In the obese, a- we have -ecu. this process may be limited to the adi] tissue while the albumin, thai is, the muscle, is preserved. In normal and mal-nutrition, however, apart from exceptional cases (in convalescence after acute diseases, or after periods of hunger), the supply of albumin in the body may also be slowly consumed, and the person nol only loses fal bul becomes weaker in muscle. We rarely resorl to systematic under-nutrition except in the treatment of obesity. Whether or nol treatment for obesity is indicated doc- not depend wholly upon the degree of corpulence, but also npon many](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21226441_0079.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
