Volume 1

A treatise on chemistry / by H.E. Roscoe and C. Schorlemmer.

  • Henry Enfield Roscoe
Date:
1877-1892
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A treatise on chemistry / by H.E. Roscoe and C. Schorlemmer. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    591/792 page 575
    of silicon tetrachloride. The vapour of carbon disulphide being led over this mixture heated to whiteness, long silky needles are formed, and these decompose when treated with water into sulphuretted hydrogen and silicic acid. This last substance is thus obtained in the form of bright shining crystals when the sulphide is exposed to the action of moist air.1 Silicon Chloriiydrosulphide, SiCl3SH. This compound was discovered by Pierre,2 but its exact composition was determined by Fried el and Ladenburg.3 In order to prepare this substance a mixture of sulphuretted hydrogen and the vapour of silicon tetrachloride is passed through a red-hot porcelain tube :— SiCl4 + H2S = SiCl3HS + HC1. It is a colourless liquid which boils at 96°, and fumes in the air, the moisture decomposing the compound into hydrochloric and silicic acids, and sulphuretted hydrogen. Its vapour possesses a specific gravity of 5-78. SILICON AND NITROGEN. Silicon Nitride. 365 The composition of this compound is not known. It is formed by the action of ammonia on silicon tetrachloride, and also when crystallized silicon is heated very strongly in nitrogen gas. It is a white amorphous infusible powder insoluble in all acids, with the single exception of hydrofluoric, in which it dissolves, forming ammonium silicofluoricle. In moist air it decomposes slowly and smells of ammonia. When heated with potash it also forms ammonia and silicate of potash.4 Constitution of the Volatile Silicon Compounds. 366 Silicon is a tetrad element, and forms a series of com- pounds which are volatile, and whose molecular weight can, therefore, be readily ascertained. When this has been deter- Fremy, Ann. Chim. Phys. [3], xxxviii. 3 2 Ann. Chim. Phys. [3], xxiv. 268. * Deville and Wohler, Ann. Chew.. Pharm. 14. 5 Ibid. [4], xxvii. 416. civ. 266, and ox. 248.
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