Guide to the examination of urine : with special reference to the diseases of the urinary apparatus / by K.B. Hoffman ... and R. Ultzmann.
- Karl Berthold Hofmann
- Date:
- 1879
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Guide to the examination of urine : with special reference to the diseases of the urinary apparatus / by K.B. Hoffman ... and R. Ultzmann. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.
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![thin slide, a change of color from green, blue to violet will take place. These crystals are characteristic of hemorrhagic tissue, and, in this respect, of importance for our diagnosis. We also find peculiar crystals that are only found in the villous tissue, and therefore pathognomonic. They are small, colorless, round rosettes, that are dissolved in concentrate acid and alkalies only. They are probably oxalate of lime, as effervesce when treated as oxalate of calcium is in examining calculi. If the urine is highly alkaline the villi are encrusted with urate of ammonium and the earthy phosphates. The pa- tient then feels as if gravel were passing through the urethra, and usually demands an examination for stone. 3. Calculi of the Bladder. If stones are present in the bladder we usually find blood in the urine, after exercise, that disappears again when the patient is at rest. The urine passed during the day is more bloody than that passed during the night, in contradistinction with other forms of haematuria where the blood is unchanged by time. Calculi frequently cause cystitis. If they are small and smooth, as uric acid, for instance, they cause catarrh of the first degree. If the calculus is larger or possesses a rough surface (phosphates, oxalate), then it is accompanied by catarrh of the second degree. Hemorrhage into the bladder also depends upon the conformation of the surface. The reaction of the urine depends upon the amount of catarrh present. It is of importance to determine whether an affection of the kidney is also present [see mixed albuminuria]. If this 25](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21059226_0209.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
