Volume 1

The New Sydenham Society's lexicon of medicine and the allied sciences : (based on Mayne's Lexicon) / by Henry Power and Leonard W. Sedgwick.

  • Henry Power
Date:
MDCCCLXXXI [1881]-MDCCCXCIX [1899]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The New Sydenham Society's lexicon of medicine and the allied sciences : (based on Mayne's Lexicon) / by Henry Power and Leonard W. Sedgwick. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by King’s College London. The original may be consulted at King’s College London.

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    ALEUROMAKTIA—. -ALEXIPHARMIC. A., am'blnux. (F. aleurite des Moluques.) A synonym of the Croton moluccanim. A., corda'ta. (F. a7-bre d I'huile, arbre d vernis; Jap. Wu-lung.) Abrami of Ksempfer. This plant jields an oil that is extensively used as a varnish to preserve woods and textile and other fabrics. A. gromes'ii. A Brazilian species having similar properties. £l. laccif era. A Cingalese plant yielding gum lac. Am molucca'na. (F. bancoulier des Moluques, mix de Bancoul.) Yields the Ban- coul nuts; an efficient purgative. A synonym of Croton moluccanum. A. trilo'ba. The Candlenut tree, the Tutui nut, Bancoul, Belgaum, or Indian waluut. Hab. Moluccas and the Sandwich Islands. Fruit a nut as large as a walnut, with a thick shell, and a kernel yielding nearly half its weight of oil, Kekune or Belgaum walnut oil. The nuts, strung on fibres of the palm leaf, are used as candles. The oil is very liquid, of an amber colour, insoluble in alcohol, solidifying at 0° C. (32° F.) It is a simple cathartic, like castor oil, and does not produce nausea ; dose, half an ounce to an ounce. The nuts are said to be aphrodisiac. The tree exudes a gummy substance, called by the natives Tahitichew. Aleuroman'tia. (AXeuoqi/, meal; fxavTtia, divination.) Divination from meal or flour. Aleurom'eter. QAXsvpov, meal; fxiTpov, a measure.) An instrument for estimating the increase of volume that a portion of gluten undergoes on being heated. It resembles an ordinary syringe, and the gluten is placed below the piston, the rod of which is graduated. The whole is placed in a bath of oil, and the amount of swelling, which is the greater the better the quality of the gluten, is easily read off. ikreuron. ('AAeu/joi/, wheaten flour; from aXt'o), to grind. Gr. Weizenmehl.) A word used by Hippocrates, I. de Natur. Mul. ci, 3, signifying farina or meal, but properly, that of wheat or barley. Am grains. (F. aleurone ; G. Aleuronhbrner, Klebermehl.) Amorphous granules of an albu- minoid or proteinous nature, enclosed in a thin amorphous envelope, found in the endosperm and cotyledons of the seeds of certain plants, replacing or accompanying starch. They ai-e soluble in water, weak acids, and alkalies; they are insoluble in oil, alcohol, and ether. The surface of the granules is foveolated, sometimes warty, and they are stained brown by iodine tincture. They have no action on polarised light. They frequently contain crystals of calcium oxalate, or granules of calcium and magnesium phosphate. Aleuron masses or crystals are found in the vitellus of the ova of fishes and other vertebrata, and have received the name of vitelline plates or scales. Aleurote'sis. ('AXEupoVtjo-ts, a flour sieve.) The process of, or the apparatus for, separating bran from meal. Aleu'tian Isles. Forming the Archi- pelago of Russian America, in which are several active volcanos. Hot springs burst through the frozen soil of the Islands of Oumanak, Kanagli, and Ounalaschki. Aleu'tians. A Mongolian race inhabiting the Aleutian islands, a chain of volcanic islands, treeless, and generally enveloped in fog, lying between the peninsulas of Alaska and Kamts- chatka. They are good sailors. They approxi- mate somewhat in character to the Esquimaux ; the cephalic index is 78. Alex. (G-. Fischlake.) A preparation of the small fish called Aphna, with oysters, acalephs, and other marine animals; in use by the ancient Komans both as a condiment and as a vulnerary in bites and burns, also as a cure for the scab in sheep. (Waring.) Alexan'ders. The Smymium olusatrum. A., round-leaVed. The Smymium rotun- difolium. Alexan'dersbad. Bavaria; near Wun- siedel, in a charming neighbourhood, 1750 feet above sea level. An earthy saline chalybeate water of 11° C. (-52° F.) Used as a tonic internally and as baths. There is a whey-cure establishment and pineleaf baths. Alexan'dersquelle. Russia ; in the Caucasus, near Piatigorsk. Seven springs of carbonated saline waters, arising from the chalk, in which tufa, trachite, and basaltic conglome- rate appear. Two contain a very small quantity of sodium iodide. Alexan'dri antido'tus aurea. Alexander's golden antidote. A compound of some seventy kinds of animal, vegetable, and mineral substances. Used in apoplexy. A. emplas'trum. A garlic plaster invented by the same Alexander. Alexan'dria. Italy; Piedmont. Five springs, one calcareous, in the Valley of Andusia ; a second, sulphuretted and saline, in the district of Camagna; a third and fourth, of an hepatic odour, in the valley of Saus ; and the last, sul- phurous, in the valley of Firata. Alexan'dria. Egypt. A town situated in the low sandy sea shore close to Lake Mareotis. The climate is very damp; malarious fevers and dysentery are commonly present. It is an unfit residence for invalids. Alexan'dria. {Alexandria., the place of its growth.) The Primus lauro-cerasus, common laurel. Alexan drian laur'el. The Fnmics lauro-cerasus, common laurel- Also, the Rusciis aculeatus of Linnaeus. Also, the Calophyllum inophyllum. A. sen'na. See Senna alexandrina. Alexan'drine. The Emplastrum Alex- andri, or Garlic plaster. Alexan'thi. The Flos ceris. Alexete'rium. {'A\e^j]tvpiov; from dXi^co, to repel, to ward off. G. JSeilmittcl.) A term employed by the Greeks for a remedy of whatever kind, but especially an alexipharmic medicine ; the term was specially used to describe those remedies which counteracted the action of poisons when applied externally. Alex'ia. C'A, neg.; Xe'^is, a Avord.) Loss of the comprehension of written s} mbols; inability to understand writing. Alexic'acum. ('AX£g(K-aKos, keeping off ill; from dXE^w, to drive away; kukov, evil.) Old term for an amulet or antidote to resist the effect of poisons. Alexiphar'macum. ('AXt'^w, to repel; (papfxaKov, a poison. F. alexipharmaque; G. Gegengift.) A medicine against poison; an antidote. Alexiphar'mic. ('AXt^o), to repel; (pdpixaKov, a poison.) Having power to neu- tralise the effects of poison ; applied to medicines I supposed to have this power.
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