The lumbar curve in man and the apes : with an account of the topographical anatomy of the chimpanzee, orang-utan, and gibbon / by D.J. Cunningham.

  • Daniel John Cunningham
Date:
1886
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The lumbar curve in man and the apes : with an account of the topographical anatomy of the chimpanzee, orang-utan, and gibbon / by D.J. Cunningham. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The University of Leeds Library. The original may be consulted at The University of Leeds Library.

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    Table L. FIFTY-SIX SPINES OF THE LOWER RACES OF MAN. Anterior depth greater than posterior depth. Anterior depth. equal to posterior depth. Anterior depth less than posterior depth. I. Lumbar Vertebra, 1 1 54 II. Lumbar Vertebra, 1 3 52 III. Lumbar Vertebra, 6 2 48 IV. Lumbar Vertebra, 17 2 37 V. I>umbar Vertebra, 47 5 4 The wide difference between the results brought out by this Table, and that constructed upon a similar plan for the Europeans (Table F, p. 12), is very evident. More particularly does the condition of the last lumbar vertebra attract our attention. In five cases (viz. in one Andaman, one Australian, and three Negroes) it presents an equal depth in front and behind, and in four cases (viz. in two Andamans and two Australians) its posterior depth exceeds its anterior depth. In one instance, indeed, that of a male Andaman, the index of this vertebra was 104-5. In the Eu- ropean spines the highest index observed for the last lumbar vertebra was 94*5, and this was in one of the few examples in which the general lumbo-vertebral index was above the standard (104'1). In only seven out of the fifty-six low-race spines which were measured was the general lumbo-vertebral index below the standard. These in- cluded five Andamans, one Australian, and one Negro; and it is signifi- cant to note that, of these exceptions to the general rule, six were the indices of females, and only one the index of a male. Moreover, the latter was very slightly below the standard, viz. 99. Anthropoid Apes.—The following are the detailed results which have been obtained in the case of the four anthro23oid, and also of several of the lower apes :— [3*]