Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico / edited by Frederick Webb Hodge.

Date:
1907-1910
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico / edited by Frederick Webb Hodge. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    959/1000 (page 941)
    A band of the Cheyenne, possibly of mixed Ute descent. (j. m.) Mohk tahwa tan in.—Grinnel!, Social Org. Chey- ennes, 136,1905 (misprintior/«). IJte.—Dorsey in Field Columb. Mus. Pub. no. 103, 62, 1905. _ Moquats (Mo^-quats). A hand of Paiute formerly living near Kingston mt., s. e. Cal.—Powell in Ind. Aff. Rep. 1873, 51, 1874. Moquelumnan Family (adapted from Moquelumne, a corruption of the Miwok Wakalumiloh, the name of a river in Calaveras CO., Cal.). A linguistic family, established by Powell (7th Rep. B. A. K, 92, 1891), consisting of three divisions, the Miwok, the so-called Olamentke, and the Northern or Lake County Mo(pielumiran. The territory originally occu])ied was in three sections, one lying between Cosumnes and Fresno rs.; another in Marin, Sonoma, and Napa cos., the terri- tory extending along the coast from the Golden Gate to Salmon cr., x. of Bodega bay and k. as far as the vicinity of Sonoma; and the third a comparatively small area in the s. end of Lake co., extending from IMt St Helena northward to the e. ex- tremity of Clear lake (see Kroeber in Am. Anthrop., vin, no. 4, 1906). The IMiwok division, which constituted the great body of the family, was described as late as 1876 as the largest Indian group of California, both in population and in ex- tent of territory. Their houses were very rude, those of the ^liwok having been simidy frame- worksof polesand l)rush, which in winter were covered with earth. In the moun- tains cone-shaped summer lodges of puncheons were made. Acorns, which formed their principal food, were gathered in large (luantities when the harvest was abundant and stored for winter use in granaries raised above the ground. It has been asserted that the Miwok ate every variety of living creature indigenous to their territory except the skunk. They were especially fond of jackrabbits, the skins of which were rudely woven into robes. From lack of cedar they pur- chased bows and sometimes arrows from the mountain Indians, the medium of bar- ter being shell money. With the Miwok, chiefship was hered- itary when the successor was of command- ing influence, but this was seldom the case. As with most of the tribes of Cali- fornia, marriage among the IMiwok tribes was practically by purchase, but in return for the presents given by the groom the father of the bride gave the new couple various substantial articles, and gifts of food were often continued by the parents for years after the marriage. The father, in old age, was ill tn>ated, however, being little else than a slave to his daughter and her husband. When twins were born one of the children was killed. Shamanistic rites were performed by both rnen and women, and scarificaiion and suction were the princij>al remedial agents. California balm of gilead {Picea ynuuUa), and ])la.s- ters of hot ashes and moist earth were also iLsed in certain cases. Payment for treat- ment was made by the patient, ami in case of non-recovery the lile of the practi- tioner was demanded. The acorn dance, as well as a number of other ceremonies, principally for feasting or amusement, were formerly ceU'bi'ated by the Miwok. They had no ])uberty dance, nc»r did they hold a dance for the dead, but an annual mourning and sometimes aspecial mourn- ing were observed. All the possessions of the dead were burned with them, their names were never afterward mentioned, and those who bore the same name changed it for others. Formerly widows generally covered their faces with pitch and the younger women singed their hair short as signs of widowhood. Cremation generally prevailed among the IMiwok tribes, but was never universal. Comparatively few of the natives of the jMiwok division of this stock survive, and these are scattered in the mountains, so that no accurate census has been taken. Six individuals of the so-called Olamentke division lived on Tomales bay in 1888. The Moquelumnan tribes or rancherias that have been recognized arc* as follows: Miuvk.—Awani, Chowchilla, Chumi- dok, Chumtiya, Chumuch, Chumwit, Hittoya, How'eches, Koni, Lopotatimni, IMachemni, IMokelumne, Newichumni, Nuchu, Olowit, Olowiya, Pohonichi, Sakaikumne, Servushaume, Talatui, Tamoleka, Tumidok, Tumun, Wala- kumni, Yuloni. Olaineiifkc.—Bolinas, Chokuyem, Gui- meu, Jukiusme, Likatuit, Nicassias, Numpali, Ohmqiali, Sonomi, Tamal, Tu- lares, Tumalehnias, Utchium. Tribes or rancherias not classihed ac- cording to the chief divisions are Ap- angasi, Ajclache, Chuicumni, Cosunini, Cotoplanemis, llokokwito, Keeches, Ku- maini, Lapapu, Lesamaiti, Macheto, iMerced, Mikechuses, Nelcelchumnee, No- tomidula, Numaltachi(?), Okechumne, Pahkanu, Petaluma, Potawackati, Poto- yanti, Sakaya, Seantre, Siyante, Succaah, Suscols, Threse, Tiposies, Wahaka, ami Wiskala. (u. w. n. a. e. k.) =Meewoc.—I’owcrs in Overland Month., 322, Apr. 1.H73 (general neeonnt of family with alln- sion.s to language); Gatsehet in Mag. .\ni. Hist., 1.59, 1877 (give.s habitat and hands of family); Gatschet in Beach. Ind. Miscel., ISS, 1877. = Mi-wok.—Powers in Pont. N. KthnoL.iii, 346, 1877 (nearly as above). = Moquelumnan.—Powell in 7tli Rep. B. A. K.. 92, ISPI. > Moquelumne.— Latham in Trans. Philol. Soe. Lond., 81, 18.56 (inelndes Hale’s Talatni. Tnolnmne from School- craft, Mumaltachi, Mullatc'co. .\iiangasi, La- paj)pn, Siyante or Typoxi, Hawhaw’s hand of Aplaches, San Rafael vocahiilary, Tsho’Koyem vocabulary, Coconyem and Yonkimisme Pater- nosters, Olamentke of Kostromitonov, Pater-